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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What political ideology is a historical example of authoritarian mechanism?
(a) Anarchy.
(b) Nazism.
(c) Democracy.
(d) Communism.

2. What German social class both submitted to Hitler and fully adopted his Nazi ideology?
(a) Upper class.
(b) Nobility.
(c) Lower, middle class.
(d) Upper, middle class.

3. Why does Fromm suggest analyzing psychological mechanisms in individuals?
(a) Fromm believes it will lead to more freedom.
(b) It helps understand society.
(c) It enables man to improve himself.
(d) He uses it to draw conclusions about the group(s) one belongs to.

4. What do Fromm's critics fear will happen to society during the process of individuality?
(a) Capitalism.
(b) Communism.
(c) Anarchy.
(d) Democracy.

5. Why did the second group of Germans who both supported the Nazis and adopt their ideas submit to Hitler?
(a) They wanted to have more freedom.
(b) Nazism appealed to their desire for authoritarianism.
(c) They wanted to dominate others.
(d) They enjoyed fewer taxes under Nazism.

6. Who wrote the book "The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism"?
(a) John Calvin.
(b) Martin Luther.
(c) Max Weber.
(d) Karl Marx.

7. How did Hitler feel about Germany?
(a) He loved Germany.
(b) He did not want to see Germany succeed.
(c) He felt indifferently.
(d) He disliked Germany.

8. What is Fromm's theory about Hitler and the success of the Nazi party?
(a) Hitler wanted to unify people.
(b) The German people adored Hitler.
(c) The explanation is as psychological as Hitler was neurotic.
(d) Hitler was well-regarded in world politics.

9. What is a mutually beneficial relationship called?
(a) Symbiosis.
(b) Syllabus.
(c) Symbolism.
(d) Sympathy.

10. What is society's character based on?
(a) Analyzing society is a waste of time.
(b) It cannot be based on the analysis of the individual.
(c) It can be based on the analysis of the individual.
(d) Analyzing the individual is a water of time.

11. What psychological idea is destructiveness related to?
(a) Sadism.
(b) Psychosis.
(c) Amnesia.
(d) Neurosis.

12. What psychological approach does Fromm use to study history?
(a) Ethnocentricity.
(b) Individuality.
(c) Psychoanalytical.
(d) Multiple Perspectives.

13. What is "original" thought?
(a) A thought that someone wants you to believe.
(b) A thought someone has that they think is their own.
(c) Thoughts that orginate in the individual.
(d) Thoughts that originate from another person.

14. What happened to Germany's economic stability following World War I?
(a) Germany's economy was weakened.
(b) Germany's economy was the strongest in its history.
(c) Germany's economy was strengthened.
(d) Germany's economy remained unchanged.

15. In the chapter "Freedom and Democracy," how does a person develop individuality?
(a) Making the self the center of one's world.
(b) Making the self the center of society.
(c) Making the self and others the center of one's world.
(d) Excluding the self from being the center of one's world.

Short Answer Questions

1. How did Fromm separate the two groups of German people who supported the Nazis?

2. Whose theory about economic gains driving history have many historians misunderstood?

3. What German class of people was most likely to submit to Nazism?

4. What is "spontaneous" action?

5. What does the social character influence?

(see the answer keys)

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