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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does Fromm believe each individual is capable of expressing, as discussed in the chapter "Freedom and Democracy"?
(a) Expressing a desire to mend primary ties.
(b) Expressing himself as an individual.
(c) Expressing his sadomasochistic desires.
(d) Expressing himself as part of a group.

2. What did the lower, middle class of Nazi Germany do for a living?
(a) Government employees.
(b) Shopkeepers, artisans, and white collar workers.
(c) Farmers.
(d) Doctors, lawyers, and accountants.

3. What is "Mein Kampf"?
(a) A German history book.
(b) Hitler's autobiography.
(c) A book about pre-Hitler Germany.
(d) A book about the Holocaust.

4. What word best describes the idea where man "strives for submission and domination"?
(a) Democracy.
(b) Communism.
(c) Propaganda.
(d) Authoritarianism.

5. According to Fromm, why does sadism appear natural?
(a) It emphasizes the survival of nature over man.
(b) It is how animals survive.
(c) It is not natural.
(d) It emphasizes the survival of the fittest over nature and man.

6. What happened to Germany's economic stability following World War I?
(a) Germany's economy was strengthened.
(b) Germany's economy was weakened.
(c) Germany's economy was the strongest in its history.
(d) Germany's economy remained unchanged.

7. Why did the second group of Germans who both supported the Nazis and adopt their ideas submit to Hitler?
(a) They enjoyed fewer taxes under Nazism.
(b) They wanted to dominate others.
(c) Nazism appealed to their desire for authoritarianism.
(d) They wanted to have more freedom.

8. What do sadists seek?
(a) They avoid dominance.
(b) They seek submission.
(c) They seek to be dominated.
(d) They seek to dominate others.

9. What feelings increase when automatic behaviors, like conformity, exist?
(a) Fear and isolation.
(b) Power and greed.
(c) Freedom and integrity.
(d) Love and honesty.

10. What kind of acts are "phenomena of abundance"?
(a) Malicious acts.
(b) Calculated acts.
(c) Acts of individuality.
(d) Free or spontaneous acts.

11. What German class of people was most likely to submit to Nazism?
(a) Royalty.
(b) Lower, middle classes.
(c) Working class.
(d) Upper class.

12. What social structure does Fromm suggest should be part of the psychological aspect of society?
(a) Society.
(b) Education.
(c) Economy.
(d) Family.

13. Who wrote the book "The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism"?
(a) Martin Luther.
(b) John Calvin.
(c) Max Weber.
(d) Karl Marx.

14. What is Fromm's theory about Hitler and the success of the Nazi party?
(a) Hitler was well-regarded in world politics.
(b) Hitler wanted to unify people.
(c) The explanation is as psychological as Hitler was neurotic.
(d) The German people adored Hitler.

15. Why does Fromm suggest analyzing psychological mechanisms in individuals?
(a) It enables man to improve himself.
(b) It helps understand society.
(c) Fromm believes it will lead to more freedom.
(d) He uses it to draw conclusions about the group(s) one belongs to.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is one false theory about why the Nazis came to power?

2. What do both societies and individuals possess that make them unique?

3. Why is it possible for people to conform without their knowledge?

4. What historian believed that religion drives the social process?

5. When he first came to power, which social class did Hitler favor?

(see the answer keys)

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