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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What political ideology is a historical example of authoritarian mechanism?
(a) Anarchy.
(b) Nazism.
(c) Democracy.
(d) Communism.

2. What is democratic socialism?
(a) A political and economic system where the people vote for a dictator.
(b) A political and economic system with a central bureaucracy that is supported by the people.
(c) Economic restictions with a free government.
(d) Fascism with economic liberalism.

3. What practice does Fromm cite evidence that an individual's thoughts could be suggested by someone else?
(a) Medication.
(b) Electroshock therapy.
(c) Hypnosis.
(d) Pyschotherapy.

4. What historian believed that religion drives the social process?
(a) Weber.
(b) Kafka.
(c) Engels.
(d) Marx.

5. What world event left Germany in financial ruin and ultimately fostered support for Hitler among the lower, middle class Germans?
(a) World War I.
(b) The French Revolution.
(c) Germany's civil war.
(d) World War II.

6. What did the lower, middle class of Nazi Germany do for a living?
(a) Government employees.
(b) Farmers.
(c) Shopkeepers, artisans, and white collar workers.
(d) Doctors, lawyers, and accountants.

7. What does Fromm say even a democratic society can pressure individuals to do?
(a) Conform.
(b) Dominate others.
(c) Give up their money.
(d) Submit to others.

8. According to Freud's "psychologistic" approach to understanding human culture, what image inspired early Christianity?
(a) Ambivalence toward society.
(b) Love for the mother.
(c) Ambivalence toward the father.
(d) Ambivalence toward the mother.

9. What academic, who Fromm disagrees with, also wrote about the social interpretation of the human development?
(a) Freud.
(b) Jung.
(c) Pavlov.
(d) Engels.

10. What does Fromm argue that leads to man act destructively?
(a) Capitalism causes man to act destructively.
(b) Freedom causes man to act destructively.
(c) Isolation and fear causes man to act destructively.
(d) Participation in a group causes man to act destructively.

11. What feelings increase when automatic behaviors, like conformity, exist?
(a) Power and greed.
(b) Freedom and integrity.
(c) Love and honesty.
(d) Fear and isolation.

12. What is "spontaneous" action?
(a) Actions that come from what a person feels and thinks.
(b) Actions that come from what others do.
(c) Actions that come from what an individual used to do.
(d) Actions that come from what others feel and think.

13. What political and economic beliefs does Fromm wish to reconnect man with?
(a) Democratic principles and a planned economy.
(b) Fascism and a market driven economy.
(c) Communism and a socialist economy.
(d) Marxism and a capitalistic economy.

14. What is a mutually beneficial relationship called?
(a) Syllabus.
(b) Symbiosis.
(c) Symbolism.
(d) Sympathy.

15. What approach to history views the economic interests as the cause of religion and political ideas?
(a) Economistic.
(b) Bartering.
(c) Laissez-faire.
(d) Capitalistic.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is "Mein Kampf"?

2. What do sadists seek?

3. According to Fromm, who must the economy be a servant to?

4. What type of character was familiar to the lower, middle class?

5. What did Hitler's sadistic nature lead him to desire?

(see the answer keys)

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