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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is static adaptation?
(a) Adaptation that requires no change.
(b) The habit is modified but not changed completely.
(c) When an existing structure is only partially changed.
(d) The adoption of a new habit.

2. What did Luther teach about man?
(a) He is not free.
(b) He is inherently corrupt.
(c) He is moral.
(d) He is an individual.

3. What did the new wealthy class seek during the Renaissance?
(a) Control.
(b) Slaves.
(c) Fame.
(d) Freedom.

4. What is a consequence for man eating the forbidden fruit?
(a) There is discord between man and nature.
(b) Man is at peace with nature.
(c) Man lost freedom.
(d) Man lost his family.

5. What is individuation?
(a) The process by which the group singles out an individual.
(b) The growing process of the individual.
(c) When an individual loses his identity to the group.
(d) A time when an individual gives up his individuality.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Fromm identify as the main motive for human behavior?

2. What relationship connects oneself to the world without compromising individuality?

3. What is NOT mentioned as a possible consequence for dynamic adaptation?

4. What does Fromm believe is the greatest assertion of individuality?

5. What cultural time period was Europe moving toward, following the Middle Ages?

Short Essay Questions

1. How does capitalism affect an individual's freedom, and what are Fromm's criticisms of capitalism?

2. How are Fromm's ideas about the individual and society different from Freud's analysis?

3. What impact did cultural events from the Middle Ages through the modern era have on Fromm's meaning of freedom?

4. How did capitalism change the individual's role in society?

5. How does the biblical story of man's exodus from paradise relate to Fromm's ideas about choice and freedom?

6. How does Fromm feel about man gaining freedom but losing personal security?

7. How did capitalism pave the way for greater freedom for man?

8. What are the three falsehoods about authoritarianism?

9. How do Fromm and Luther differ in the definition of selfishness?

10. How does Fromm uses freedom of speech to explain that when a freedom is gained, it is also restricted?

(see the answer keys)

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