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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What cultural time period was Europe moving toward, following the Middle Ages?
(a) The Industrial Revolution.
(b) The Renaissance.
(c) The Religious Era.
(d) The Dark Ages.

2. What advantage do animals have over man when entering the world?
(a) Animals are instinctual.
(b) Animals are smarter.
(c) Animals do not care about hierarchy.
(d) Animals have more freedoms.

3. What independent business does Fromm reference as a model for the new middle class?
(a) Artisans.
(b) Farmers.
(c) Gas station owners.
(d) Politicians.

4. What happens to primary ties once they are cut?
(a) They cannot be mended.
(b) They become secondary ties.
(c) Primary ties cannot be cut.
(d) They can be mended if man gives up his freedom.

5. What goal does Fromm identify as the "abolition of external domination"?
(a) Freedom for the group.
(b) A harmonious society.
(c) Freedom of the individual.
(d) Obedience to a leader.

Short Answer Questions

1. Whose work about a ten-year-old child's awareness of self does Fromm reference?

2. According to Calvin, what can change a person's destiny?

3. What group of people fought in battles for freedom, as identified by Fromm?

4. What example does Fromm use to point out a contradiction of freedom?

5. Who is the servant of capitalism?

Short Essay Questions

1. How do Fromm and Luther differ in the definition of selfishness?

2. How does Fromm feel about man gaining freedom but losing personal security?

3. How was fascism viewed when it first came to power?

4. What is the difference between static and dynamic adaptation?

5. How does an individual's learning further the process of individuation and how does this affect a child's relationship with his mother?

6. What are Fromm's thoughts about the battles for freedom in the chapter "Freedom-A Psychological Problem"?

7. How did capitalism change the individual's role in society?

8. How did Luther's teachings support capitalism?

9. How does the history of the child relates to Fromm's ideas about freedom?

10. What is the significance of World War I when talking about freedom?

(see the answer keys)

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