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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What social class found Lutheranism the most appealing?
(a) Middle Class.
(b) Upper Class.
(c) Royalty.
(d) Lower Class.

2. According to Calvin, what does leading a virtuous life alleviate?
(a) Predestination.
(b) Fate.
(c) Sin.
(d) Anxiety.

3. Which writer summarized Fromm's thoughts on isolation and powerlessness?
(a) Marx.
(b) Kafka.
(c) Engels.
(d) Julian Green.

4. Who described the fearful individual as tormented by self-doubt?
(a) Freud.
(b) Marx.
(c) Kiekegaard.
(d) Fromm.

5. What advantage do animals have over man when entering the world?
(a) Animals are smarter.
(b) Animals are instinctual.
(c) Animals have more freedoms.
(d) Animals do not care about hierarchy.

Short Answer Questions

1. How did man view himself and nature during the Renaissance?

2. What tool developed out of the new capitalistic system that helped promote business?

3. How did capitalism change the role of individuals?

4. What does Fromm believe is the greatest assertion of individuality?

5. Where did the Renaissance begin?

Short Essay Questions

1. What new social class developed during the Renaissance and how did it affect their freedom?

2. What is the significance of the department store reference that Fromm makes in the chapter, "The Two Aspects of Freedom and Modern Man"?

3. What is the difference between static and dynamic adaptation?

4. How does an individual's learning further the process of individuation and how does this affect a child's relationship with his mother?

5. How did Lutheranism challenge the Catholic Church?

6. What are the three falsehoods about authoritarianism?

7. What does Fromm say about man's value is determined by the capitalistic economy?

8. What impact did cultural events from the Middle Ages through the modern era have on Fromm's meaning of freedom?

9. What are Fromm's ideas about work, the economy, and society?

10. How did capitalism pave the way for greater freedom for man?

(see the answer keys)

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