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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What word best describes the idea where man "strives for submission and domination"?
(a) Authoritarianism.
(b) Democracy.
(c) Propaganda.
(d) Communism.

2. Why did the first group of Germans who supported Hitler submit to the power of the Nazis?
(a) Power and greed.
(b) Fear and isolation.
(c) They wanted more freedom.
(d) Resignation and tiredness.

3. What weaknesses do sadists and masochists compensate for?
(a) Isolation and fear.
(b) Lack of money.
(c) Power.
(d) Freedom.

4. What is the social function of education?
(a) Prepare children to separate from society.
(b) Prepare the individual for the role he plays later in society.
(c) Make children polite.
(d) Make children understand rules.

5. What political ideology is reinforced by an authoritarian character?
(a) Democracy.
(b) Facism.
(c) Communism.
(d) Hinduism.

Short Answer Questions

1. When he first came to power, which social class did Hitler favor?

2. What does the social character influence?

3. What examples does Fromm cite in the chapter "Freedom and Democracy" of how a democratic society limits individuals?

4. What social structure does Fromm suggest should be part of the psychological aspect of society?

5. What does Fromm believe to be the main driving force in history?

Short Essay Questions

1. What were the economic, social, and political conditions like in Germany prior to Hitler's rise to power?

2. What traits of an authoritarian character did Hitler possess?

3. What characteristics describe the second group of Germans who supported the Nazis?

4. What qualities did Hitler and Nazism possess that appealed to a large population of Germans?

5. What role does character play in the individual and society?

6. What role does the family have in developing the character structure of an individual?

7. Why was Nazism so appealing to the lower middle class of Germans?

8. What two false theories does Fromm discount that accounted for the rise of Nazism?

9. What is the relationship between sadism and masochism? How does the relationship affect authoritarian characters?

10. What is authority, as defined in the chapter "Mechanisms of Escape"?

(see the answer keys)

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