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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does the development of individual and social characters lead to?
(a) Less freedom for the individual.
(b) The collapse of society.
(c) The development of historical events.
(d) More freedom for the individual.

2. What does the social character influence?
(a) The individual's desire for freedom.
(b) The democractic system.
(c) The economic process.
(d) The social progress.

3. What German social class both submitted to Hitler and fully adopted his Nazi ideology?
(a) Upper, middle class.
(b) Lower, middle class.
(c) Upper class.
(d) Nobility.

4. What do Fromm's critics fear will happen to society during the process of individuality?
(a) Democracy.
(b) Communism.
(c) Anarchy.
(d) Capitalism.

5. What political and economic beliefs does Fromm wish to reconnect man with?
(a) Communism and a socialist economy.
(b) Democratic principles and a planned economy.
(c) Marxism and a capitalistic economy.
(d) Fascism and a market driven economy.

Short Answer Questions

1. What are the consequences for democratic societies when conformity exists?

2. What dual desires did Nazi ideology appeal to?

3. What does Fromm believe to be the main driving force in history?

4. What examples does Fromm cite in the chapter "Freedom and Democracy" of how a democratic society limits individuals?

5. Why did the first group of Germans who supported Hitler submit to the power of the Nazis?

Short Essay Questions

1. What two choices does a person have when confronted by isolation and fear in achieving freedom?

2. How does social character affect different groups?

3. What characteristics describe the first group of Germans who supported the Nazis?

4. How does Fromm describe sadistic people?

5. What is the relationship between sadism and masochism? How does the relationship affect authoritarian characters?

6. Why was Nazism so appealing to the lower middle class of Germans?

7. What is true freedom and what do Fromm's critics fear it can lead to?

8. What characteristics describe the second group of Germans who supported the Nazis?

9. What is authority, as defined in the chapter "Mechanisms of Escape"?

10. What is social character?

(see the answer keys)

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