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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does Fromm cite as an example of dynamic adaptation?
(a) Psychosis.
(b) Schizophrenia.
(c) Neurosis.
(d) Psychopathy.

2. According to Fromm's animal kingdom analogy, why is man so helpless at birth?
(a) Man needs others to guide him.
(b) Man relies on learning in order to adapt to nature.
(c) Man is disconnected from his fellow man.
(d) Man is disconnected from nature.

3. What economic related problem led to feelings of individual powerlessness?
(a) High taxes.
(b) Guilds.
(c) Trade unions.
(d) Unemployment.

4. What forces does an individual need freedom from in order to be a free individual?
(a) Freedom from authority and outside constraints.
(b) Freedom from thinking and self.
(c) Freedom from self and family.
(d) Freedom from family and friends.

5. Fromm likens man's sin of eating the forbidden fruit to what act?
(a) An act of kindness.
(b) An act of freedom.
(c) An act of greed.
(d) An act of anger.

6. What war do many consider to be ultimate victory for freedom, according to Fromm?
(a) The American Revolution.
(b) World War I.
(c) The French Revolution.
(d) World War II.

7. Whose work about a ten-year-old child's awareness of self does Fromm reference?
(a) Engles.
(b) Marx.
(c) Freud.
(d) R. Hughes.

8. What happens to primary ties once they are cut?
(a) They can be mended if man gives up his freedom.
(b) Primary ties cannot be cut.
(c) They become secondary ties.
(d) They cannot be mended.

9. What feeling did the inflation in 1923 Germany and the American crash in 1929 create?
(a) Insecurity.
(b) Freedom.
(c) Individuality.
(d) Power.

10. What time period was marked by man's darkness and scheming?
(a) The Middle Ages.
(b) The Renaissance.
(c) Industrial Revolution.
(d) The Dark Ages.

11. What is often a negative result of man's freedom?
(a) Unhappiness.
(b) There is no negative result.
(c) Greed.
(d) Isolation.

12. What goal does Fromm identify as the "abolition of external domination"?
(a) Obedience to a leader.
(b) A harmonious society.
(c) Freedom of the individual.
(d) Freedom for the group.

13. Why would Fromm view the action of man eating the forbidden fruit as a positive act?
(a) Man took a step toward becoming an individual.
(b) Man took a risk.
(c) Man fought against nature.
(d) Man separated himself from woman.

14. Which workers was the medieval economy based on?
(a) Craftsmen and merchants.
(b) Capitalists.
(c) Farmers.
(d) Traders.

15. What psychological approach did Fromm take with his work?
(a) Medical.
(b) Physiological.
(c) Social psychological.
(d) Psychoanalytical.

Short Answer Questions

1. Which of the following was NOT a restriction during the Middle Ages?

2. What changes in a child's relationship to society during the individuation process?

3. How did capitalism change the role of individuals?

4. What is NOT mentioned as a possible consequence for dynamic adaptation?

5. What contradiction of freedom does Fromm discuss in his book?

(see the answer keys)

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