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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What example does Fromm use to point out a contradiction of freedom?
(a) Freedom of mobility.
(b) Freedom of speech.
(c) Freedom of capitalism.
(d) Freedom from social order.

2. Who is the servant of capitalism?
(a) Society.
(b) Sin.
(c) The church.
(d) Man.

3. What contradiction of freedom does Fromm discuss in his book?
(a) Man is equally isolated and independent.
(b) Man is more independent but also more isolated.
(c) Man has no increased isolation or independence.
(d) Man is more isolated but less independent.

4. How does Fromm define selfishness?
(a) Acting in one's self-interest.
(b) Enjoying capitalism.
(c) Being aware of one's self.
(d) Ignoring others.

5. What is man's "biological weakness"?
(a) Instinct.
(b) Power.
(c) Human culture.
(d) Nature.

6. Why did the middle class see an increase in white-collar workers?
(a) Immigration.
(b) Big business expansion.
(c) Political reform.
(d) Increased education.

7. What is individuation?
(a) The process by which the group singles out an individual.
(b) When an individual loses his identity to the group.
(c) The growing process of the individual.
(d) A time when an individual gives up his individuality.

8. What violent acts between countries added to feelings of powerlessness and anxiety during the nineteenth century?
(a) Poverty.
(b) Economic downturn.
(c) Unemployment.
(d) War.

9. What did the Church during the Middle Ages promise people who accepted guilt for their sins?
(a) The church did not do anything.
(b) The church promised wealth.
(c) Disdain for sin.
(d) Forgiveness and unconditional love.

10. What happens to primary ties once they are cut?
(a) They cannot be mended.
(b) Primary ties cannot be cut.
(c) They can be mended if man gives up his freedom.
(d) They become secondary ties.

11. What social class found Lutheranism the most appealing?
(a) Middle Class.
(b) Royalty.
(c) Lower Class.
(d) Upper Class.

12. In "Freedom-A Psychological Problem," how does Fromm define work?
(a) Work is anything man does for the group.
(b) Work is concrete and part of an economic system.
(c) Work is whatever the individual wants it to be.
(d) Work is anything man does for himself.

13. What does Fromm believe is the greatest assertion of individuality?
(a) Fighting for oppression.
(b) Dying while fighting for your freedom.
(c) Fighting for freedom was not worth it.
(d) Fighting for oppression was easier than fighting for freedom.

14. What war do many consider to be ultimate victory for freedom, according to Fromm?
(a) World War II.
(b) The American Revolution.
(c) World War I.
(d) The French Revolution.

15. What does Fromm cite as an example of dynamic adaptation?
(a) Psychopathy.
(b) Psychosis.
(c) Neurosis.
(d) Schizophrenia.

Short Answer Questions

1. Why does man suffer from eating the forbidden fruit?

2. What goal does Fromm identify as the "abolition of external domination"?

3. How did capitalism change the role of individuals?

4. What was a positive social aspect of the Middle Ages?

5. Whose work about a ten-year-old child's awareness of self does Fromm reference?

(see the answer keys)

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