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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What conflict does Marx say was avoided as America expanded?
(a) Class warfare.
(b) Warfare between North and South.
(c) Warfare between financiers and farmers.
(d) Warfare between industrial and agrarian interests.

2. What was the general feeling about industrialism in America, as it expanded?
(a) Caution.
(b) Optimism.
(c) Doubt.
(d) Positivism.

3. How would you describe Marx's book 'The Machine in the Garden'?
(a) Scientific.
(b) Political.
(c) Prophetic.
(d) Academic.

4. What feeling characterized the beginning of Mark Twain's writing career?
(a) Lamentation about the death of Indian cultures.
(b) Fear about the consequences of the railroad.
(c) Optimism about industrial expansion into the midwest.
(d) Nostalgia for the old days on the Mississippi.

5. What do complex pastoralists recognize, in Marx's account?
(a) The need to abolish machinery.
(b) The need to reconcile pastoralism and industrialism.
(c) The need to return to nature at any cost.
(d) The need to integrate industrial machinery with natural processes.

Short Answer Questions

1. What thinkers does Marx say followed Carlyle's critique of industrialism?

2. What does fire symbolize in Hawthorne's The Unpardonable Sin?

3. What was Daniel Webster's feeling about pastoralism?

4. How did Emerson describe the relationship between the east and the west?

5. What conclusion about technology does the narrator reach at the end of Twain's Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court?

Short Essay Questions

1. What view does Marx ascribe to Emerson, Thoreau, Hawthorne, Melville, Tocqueville and Twain in common?

2. What were the roles of men of understanding and men of reason in Emerson's vision?

3. What is the role of industry in Melville's Moby Dick?

4. What does Marx say the ship Pequod symbolizes in Melville's Moby Dick?

5. How did Henry Adam's reconcile pastoralism and industrialism?

6. What is Ishmael's relationship with Ahab, in Melville's Moby Dick?

7. What is complex pastoral ideology, and where does Marx see it in evidence?

8. What is the future of the pastoral ideal in Marx's view at the end of the epilogue?

9. How did Thoreau reconcile machines and nature?

10. How does Marx describe modern man's relationship with the pastoral ideal?

(see the answer keys)

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