1. How does Bakhtin define the novel?
(a) As a single-voiced text.
(b) As a multiplicity of styles.
(c) As a work of pure imagination.
(d) As a worthless type of literature.

2. How are Bakhtin and Rabelais similar?
(a) They live in the same country.
(b) They both subvert the social prohibition on laughter, satire, and irony.
(c) They both write mostly novels.
(d) They both directly challenge the government by running for political office.

3. What does Bakhtin find inadequate in Veselovsky's metaphor of Rabelais as a village boy?
(a) Veselovsky's image is too young at heart, for Rabelais wrote only with an old, tired voice.
(b) Veselovsky's image excludes the seriousness of the boy as a budding scholar.
(c) Veselovsky's image seems too urban for Rabelais, who only wrote about the countryside.
(d) Veselovsky's image is cynical, but Rabelais actually celebrates regenerative laughter.

4. What was unique about the Russian Revolution?
(a) Only the elite class was involved.
(b) It was purely a religious revolt.
(c) People of all classes and occupations were centrally involved.
(d) It continues into the present day.

5. Why are Rabelais' billingsgate elements considered "coarse and cynical" by most scholars?
(a) These elements express a deep distrust of contemporary society.
(b) Many scholars interpret them only in a modern context.
(c) The Latin derivations of his scatological vocabulary mean "cynical."
(d) Many scholars believe that Rabelais himself was bitter from publication disputes.