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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the term for the technique Leonardo invented that sought to blend shadows and lights so that no borders or lines were apparent?
(a) Sgraffito.
(b) Blocking.
(c) Sfumato.
(d) Glazing.

2. By age five, Leonardo lived primarily with whom?
(a) His birth mother and her husband.
(b) His father and stepmother.
(c) His grandfather Antonio and his wife.
(d) His uncle.

3. In the same year that Leonardo was born, Italy began a period of how many peaceful years without war?
(a) 40 years.
(b) 90 years.
(c) 30 years.
(d) 20 years.

4. How many tons did Leonardo plan his horse monument to weigh upon its completion?
(a) 75.
(b) 60.
(c) 24.
(d) 12.

5. Leonardo's memory of a bird hovering above his crib when he was an infant involved what type of bird?
(a) An eagle.
(b) A bluebird.
(c) An osprey.
(d) A kite.

6. Lorenzo de' Medici, a great supporter of the arts in Florence, founded and funded Florence's first public what?
(a) Museum.
(b) Library.
(c) Zoo.
(d) Art studio.

7. What was different about Leonardo's drawings of machines than those of his contemporaries?
(a) Leonardo's drawings did not use color.
(b) Leonardo's drawings were done using charcoal.
(c) Leonardo's drawings were never shown to anyone.
(d) Leonardo drew all of the different pieces of the machine separately.

8. What was the function of the official known as a count palatine?
(a) To mediate local disputes between citizens.
(b) To enact the legal process of legitimizing children.
(c) To assess a child's ability to enter a particular trade.
(d) To award custody of children to non-related legal guardians.

9. In what year was a great deal of information found and published about the identity of Leonardo's mother?
(a) 1592.
(b) 1860.
(c) 1773.
(d) 2017.

10. In what year did Johannes Gutenberg begin selling Bibles created on his newly-invented printing press?
(a) 1452.
(b) 1489.
(c) 1501.
(d) 1348.

11. What was the population of Florence in 1300 before the devastation caused by the Black Death?
(a) 80,000.
(b) 50,000.
(c) 100,000.
(d) 140,000.

12. In what year did Leonardo receive his first commission?
(a) 1492.
(b) 1452.
(c) 1460.
(d) 1478.

13. Homosexuality was so common in Renaissance Florence that what word became slang in Germany for gay?
(a) Florenzer.
(b) Flor.
(c) Florencier.
(d) Florette.

14. How many godparents gave witness to Leonardo's birth?
(a) 20.
(b) 10.
(c) 6.
(d) 8.

15. During the 70 years following the creation of The Officers of the Night in 1432, an average of how many men per year were convicted of sodomy and were sentenced to prison, exile, or death?
(a) 500.
(b) 120.
(c) 60.
(d) 20.

Short Answer Questions

1. One reason Leonardo could not devise how to square a circle is that a mathematical process for squaring a circle cannot be done with just a compass and a ruler. Instead, it requires what type of number?

2. What kind of organization was the Compagnia di San Luca that Leonardo joined in 1472?

3. What was the name of Leonardo's mother?

4. Leonardo's work entitled Codex Madrid I is largely devoted to the design of what?

5. While Leonardo often drew and painted full-body male nudes, by contrast, almost all of the women he painted were what?

(see the answer keys)

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