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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How many other portraits of women had Leonardo completed prior to creating Lady with an Ermine?
(a) Five.
(b) Two.
(c) One.
(d) Three.

2. What are diabase?
(a) Intrusive igneous rocks.
(b) River curves.
(c) Metamorphic rocks.
(d) Sedimentary rocks.

3. Rather than being shown in profile, as was traditional, the subject of Lady with an Ermine is shown in what way?
(a) In three-quarters view.
(b) From the neck up.
(c) In full frontal view.
(d) From the knees up.

4. Leonardo wrote that what type of light is best for a portrait?
(a) Shadowed.
(b) Marbled.
(c) Bright.
(d) Muted.

5. Leonardo insisted that all boundaries within both art and nature were what?
(a) Invisible.
(b) Impossible.
(c) Distinct.
(d) Blurred.

Short Answer Questions

1. Visual perception occurs along the entire area of what part of the eye?

2. Leonardo believed that the secret to modeling three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface was not the use of lines, but instead the use of what?

3. Lady with an Ermine is painted on a panel made of what type of wood?

4. What type of paint did Leonardo use to create the work entitled Lady with an Ermine?

5. The fashions worn by the subject of Lady with an Ermine became fashionable in Milan in 1489 when Gian Galeazzo Sforza was married to whom?

Short Essay Questions

1. What was the cause of Friar Savonarola's death and when did it occur?

2. For how long did Leonardo live in Florence upon his return there in 1500 and where did he live?

3. What types of commissions did Leonardo refuse to accept?

4. How did Leonardo use his knowledge of geology to inform his painting of Virgin of the Rocks?

5. When Leonardo moved to Milan in 1482, what did he discover about the study of anatomy in that location?

6. When Leonardo returned to Florence in 1500, how had Florence changed in the time he had been away?

7. What was the significance of Leonardo's depiction of the human frontal sinus?

8. How does Walter Isaacson link the qualities of genius and the qualities of obsession within the chapter about Leonardo's first round of anatomy studies?

9. What signature element of Leonardo's paintings is missing from the second version of Virgin of the Rocks but is present in the first version?

10. What reasons did Leonardo have for always wanting to portray portrait subjects facing the viewer or in three-quarters view, contrary to the customary profile pose?

(see the answer keys)

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