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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. From whom did Isabella borrow a portrait by Leonardo so that she could decide which artist should paint her portrait?
(a) Lucrezia Borgia.
(b) Ludovico Borgia.
(c) Salai.
(d) Cecilia Gallerina.

2. Who was the subject of the portrait entitled Lady with an Ermine?
(a) Cecilia Gallerina.
(b) Salai.
(c) Lucrezia Borgia.
(d) Caterina Sforza.

3. What caused Leonardo's Madonna of the Yardwinder to become one of his most influential paintings?
(a) It was delivered to the Portuguese court and widely copied.
(b) It was delivered to the French court and widely copied.
(c) It was delivered to the Viennese court and widely copied.
(d) It was delivered to the Austrian court and widely copied.

4. While the study of anatomy was pursued primarily by artists in Florence, the study of anatomy in Milan was undertaken mostly by what group of people?
(a) Sculptors.
(b) Clerics.
(c) Doctors.
(d) Medical scholars.

5. The first version of Leonardo's painting Virgin of the Rocks was completed in what year?
(a) 1475.
(b) 1485.
(c) 1495.
(d) 1465.

Short Answer Questions

1. In what year did the friar Savonarola depose the Medici family and institute a fundamentalist regime in Florence?

2. Cesare Borgia became the first man in history to perform what action?

3. What painting was named by the Louvre in 2012 as Leonardo's ultimate masterpiece?

4. Santissima Annunziata had a library with how many volumes of books?

5. According to Walter Isaacson, what was the paramount theme in Leonardo's art?

Short Essay Questions

1. What reason did Leonardo write in his notebook for his decision not to publicize his findings about how to remain underwater for a long time?

2. For how long did Leonardo live in Florence upon his return there in 1500 and where did he live?

3. How does Walter Isaacson link the qualities of genius and the qualities of obsession within the chapter about Leonardo's first round of anatomy studies?

4. What were the two colors most favored by Leonardo in the tailoring of both his clothes and the clothes of Salai?

5. What was the significance of Leonardo's depiction of the human frontal sinus?

6. What was the event known as the Bonfire of the Vanities?

7. On whom was the painting Lady with an Ermine based?

8. What was the cause of Friar Savonarola's death and when did it occur?

9. What reasons did Leonardo have for always wanting to portray portrait subjects facing the viewer or in three-quarters view, contrary to the customary profile pose?

10. When Leonardo returned to Florence in 1500, how had Florence changed in the time he had been away?

(see the answer keys)

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