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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What term did Leonardo eventually use to describe the object he hoped would result in human flight due to the device's flapping wings?
(a) Anatra.
(b) Mosca.
(c) Uccello.
(d) Tricheco.

2. While Leonardo often drew and painted full-body male nudes, by contrast, almost all of the women he painted were what?
(a) Hiding their nakedness with their hair.
(b) Turned away from the viewer.
(c) Clothed and shown from the waist down.
(d) Clothed and shown from the waist up.

3. Walter Isaacson states that Leonardo's Vitruvian Man perfectly symbolizes the ideal of what?
(a) Humanism.
(b) Science.
(c) Aesthetic beauty.
(d) Individuality.

4. In whose honor was the horse monument intended to be created, with a sculpture of his likeness to be placed upon the back of the horse?
(a) Pope Alexander VI.
(b) Ludovico Sforza.
(c) Duke Francesco.
(d) Cesare Borgia.

5. By age five, Leonardo lived primarily with whom?
(a) His uncle.
(b) His father and stepmother.
(c) His grandfather Antonio and his wife.
(d) His birth mother and her husband.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is the term for the technique that uses contrasts of light and shadow in order to achieve the appearance of three dimensions in a two-dimensional work?

2. Who was pope when Leonardo was born?

3. How many years after Leonardo's birth was Galileo born?

4. In what year was Leonardo brought to Florence to live with his father?

5. After collaborating with Leonardo on a particular painting, Andrea del Verrocchio, Verocchio was reportedly so awed by Leonardo's technique that he never completed another painting on his own. What was the title of the painting on which the two collaborated?

Short Essay Questions

1. What was the reason that Leonardo's horse monument was never completed?

2. When Leonardo joined a competition of architects, what was the assigned task for the contest?

3. What symbolism did Leonardo see in the reeds he included in his drawing of Pleasure and Pain?

4. Discuss an example of Leonardo's use of analogies that led him to new scientific discoveries.

5. What were the underlying reasons for Leonardo's vegetarianism?

6. What does Walter Isaacson say was the main lesson he tried to take from Leonardo's life in order to apply it to his own life?

7. In what way did Leonardo's illegitimacy grant him certain freedoms?

8. What did Leonardo mean when he wrote, "He who has access to the fountain does not go to the water-jar" (176)?

9. What is chiaroscuro and how did Leonardo employ it?

10. What information was recently discovered in 2017 about Leonardo's birth mother?

(see the answer keys)

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