2. Pope Alexander VI was the first pope to perform what action?
(a) Excommunicate a heretic.
(b) Divorce his wife.
(c) Recognize openly his illegitimate children.
(d) Get married.

3. How many other portraits of women had Leonardo completed prior to creating Lady with an Ermine?
(a) Five.
(b) Three.
(c) One.
(d) Two.

4. The fashions worn by the subject of Lady with an Ermine became fashionable in Milan in 1489 when Gian Galeazzo Sforza was married to whom?
(a) Lucrezia Borgia.
(b) The Duchess of Cypress.
(c) Catherine of Aragon.
(d) Isabella of Aragon.

5. The four universal conditions of men, according to Leonardo, were mirth, weeping, fighting, and what?
(a) Anger.
(b) Misery.
(c) Melancholy.
(d) Labor.

6. When he returned to Florence once again in 1500, Leonardo set up what type of workshop?
(a) Medical.
(b) Religious.
(c) Secret.
(d) Collaborative.

7. What was the man's name who became Pope Alexander VI?
(a) Ludovico Sforza.
(b) Cesare Borgia.
(c) Michelangelo.
(d) Rodrigo Borgia.

8. From what age had Isabella been betrothed to Francesco Gonzaga, the Marquess of Mantua, when they married?
(a) Eleven.
(b) Thirteen.
(c) Six.
(d) Three.

9. Leonardo first tackled the complexities of depicting shadows when drawing what kinds of objects during his training in Verrocchio's art studio?
(a) Draperies.
(b) Columns.
(c) Pieces of fruit.
(d) Hands.

10. How did the friar Savonarola die?
(a) He was drawn and quartered.
(b) He was burned and hanged.
(c) He committed suicide.
(d) He drowned.

11. Santissima Annunziata was located three blocks away from the Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, where Leonardo conducted what activity?
(a) Conducting experiments on patients.
(b) Dissections.
(c) Receiving blood treatments.
(d) Nursing the injured.

12. When Leonardo first came to Milan in 1482, he had hopes of working primarily as a what?
(a) An engineer.
(b) A portraitist.
(c) A court physician.
(d) A producer of theater productions.

13. Leonardo's work Madonna of the Yarnwinder was completed at the request of which courtier within the court of Louis XII?
(a) His secretary.
(b) His treasurer.
(c) His court jester.
(d) His scribe.

14. The first version of Leonardo's painting Virgin of the Rocks was completed in what year?
(a) 1465.
(b) 1475.
(c) 1495.
(d) 1485.

15. What is the primary characteristic of Leonardo's angel in the painting Virgin of the Rocks that causes it to be much discussed by scholars?
(a) Masculinity.
(b) Asexuality.
(c) Androgyny.
(d) Youth.

Short Answer Questions

1. In 2009, technicians were able to use infrared imaging techniques in order to expose what hidden piece of Leonardo's first version of Virgin of the Rocks?

2. Who used Cesare Borgia as a model of cleverness in his work The Prince?

3. When Leonardo moved back to Florence in 1500, in what type of location did he take up residence?

4. In the mid-1490s, Leonardo halted his study of anatomy, and would not return to the subject for how many years?

5. Who wrote the book On Painting, which became a Bible for Leonardo?

(see the answer keys)

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