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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The profile pose was the standard for portraits of what type of people during the Renaissance?
(a) Royalty.
(b) Women.
(c) Men.
(d) Illegitimate heirs.

2. The first version of Leonardo's painting Virgin of the Rocks was completed in what year?
(a) 1495.
(b) 1475.
(c) 1485.
(d) 1465.

3. The Florentine tradition known as disegno lineamentum used what to create forms and designs?
(a) Lines.
(b) Circles.
(c) Compasses.
(d) Shadows.

4. The child featured in Leonardo's work Madonna of the Yardwinder is reaching for what object?
(a) His mother's hair.
(b) A cloud.
(c) A jewel.
(d) A cross.

5. While the study of anatomy was pursued primarily by artists in Florence, the study of anatomy in Milan was undertaken mostly by what group of people?
(a) Doctors.
(b) Sculptors.
(c) Medical scholars.
(d) Clerics.

6. The Marquess of Mantua, Francesco Gonzaga, was taken hostage for three years in what location?
(a) Venice.
(b) Rome.
(c) Florence.
(d) Milan.

7. Santissima Annunziata had a library with how many volumes of books?
(a) 2,400.
(b) 3,600.
(c) 500.
(d) 5,000.

8. Leonardo's initial anatomy studies of 1489 focused on what part of the body?
(a) The human femur.
(b) The human skull.
(c) The human heart.
(d) The human vertebrae.

9. The center of medical research in Milan during the Renaissance was what university?
(a) The University of Catania.
(b) The University of Pavia.
(c) The University of Bologna.
(d) The University of Sannio.

10. From what age had Isabella been betrothed to Francesco Gonzaga, the Marquess of Mantua, when they married?
(a) Six.
(b) Eleven.
(c) Three.
(d) Thirteen.

11. One of Leonardo's most famous lost paintings is entitled Lena and the what?
(a) Peacock.
(b) Albatross.
(c) Dove.
(d) Swan.

12. When Leonardo first came to Milan in 1482, he had hopes of working primarily as a what?
(a) A court physician.
(b) A producer of theater productions.
(c) A portraitist.
(d) An engineer.

13. Leonardo wrote that what type of light is best for a portrait?
(a) Shadowed.
(b) Bright.
(c) Muted.
(d) Marbled.

14. When he returned to Florence once again in 1500, Leonardo set up what type of workshop?
(a) Collaborative.
(b) Secret.
(c) Medical.
(d) Religious.

15. How did Florence save itself from plunder by Cesare Borgia and his armies?
(a) The city's merchants promised a percentage of their sales.
(b) Officials promised loyalty in perpetuity.
(c) The city's army defeated the forces with cannon fire.
(d) Officials paid an annual bribe.

Short Answer Questions

1. Ludovico Sforza committed what act in order to seize the ducal crown?

2. The most basic anatomical knowledge for a painter is the study of what?

3. In the mid-1490s, Leonardo halted his study of anatomy, and would not return to the subject for how many years?

4. The drawing entitled Head of a Young Woman is an "exquisite example of Leonardo's use of" what "to create shadows and texture"? (234)

5. When Leonardo entered the service of Cesare Borgia at the age of 50, how old was Cesare Borgia?

(see the answer keys)

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