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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How did the friar Savonarola die?
(a) He drowned.
(b) He was burned and hanged.
(c) He was drawn and quartered.
(d) He committed suicide.

2. Visual perception occurs along the entire area of what part of the eye?
(a) The vitreous humor.
(b) The pupil.
(c) The retina.
(d) The iris.

3. In the mid-1490s, Leonardo halted his study of anatomy, and would not return to the subject for how many years?
(a) 20.
(b) 10.
(c) 30.
(d) 5.

4. In the world of the Renaissance, what did a white ermine represent?
(a) Style.
(b) Purity.
(c) Elegance.
(d) Wrath.

5. Who wrote the book On Painting, which became a Bible for Leonardo?
(a) Michelangelo.
(b) Cesare Borgia.
(c) Salai.
(d) Leon Battista Alberti.

6. Santissima Annunziata was located three blocks away from the Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, where Leonardo conducted what activity?
(a) Conducting experiments on patients.
(b) Nursing the injured.
(c) Receiving blood treatments.
(d) Dissections.

7. Leonardo first tackled the complexities of depicting shadows when drawing what kinds of objects during his training in Verrocchio's art studio?
(a) Hands.
(b) Draperies.
(c) Columns.
(d) Pieces of fruit.

8. In 2009, technicians were able to use infrared imaging techniques in order to expose what hidden piece of Leonardo's first version of Virgin of the Rocks?
(a) An underdrawing used to compose the painting.
(b) A second painting under the first.
(c) Three wise men who had been removed from the final piece.
(d) Three prophets who had been removed from the final piece.

9. How many other portraits of women had Leonardo completed prior to creating Lady with an Ermine?
(a) Two.
(b) Five.
(c) Three.
(d) One.

10. What caused Leonardo's Madonna of the Yardwinder to become one of his most influential paintings?
(a) It was delivered to the Viennese court and widely copied.
(b) It was delivered to the Austrian court and widely copied.
(c) It was delivered to the Portuguese court and widely copied.
(d) It was delivered to the French court and widely copied.

11. What type of paint did Leonardo use to create the work entitled Lady with an Ermine?
(a) Oil.
(b) Watercolor.
(c) Tempera.
(d) Lead.

12. From whom did Isabella borrow a portrait by Leonardo so that she could decide which artist should paint her portrait?
(a) Ludovico Borgia.
(b) Cecilia Gallerina.
(c) Salai.
(d) Lucrezia Borgia.

13. The profile pose was the standard for portraits of what type of people during the Renaissance?
(a) Illegitimate heirs.
(b) Men.
(c) Women.
(d) Royalty.

14. When Leonardo first came to Milan in 1482, he had hopes of working primarily as a what?
(a) A court physician.
(b) A portraitist.
(c) A producer of theater productions.
(d) An engineer.

15. Leonardo was the first person to correctly depict what aspect of the human body?
(a) The valves of the heart.
(b) The joints.
(c) The heel bone.
(d) The frontal sinus.

Short Answer Questions

1. In 1489, the portrait subject of Lady with an Ermine was 15 years old and lived not with her family, but with whom?

2. When Leonardo entered the service of Cesare Borgia at the age of 50, how old was Cesare Borgia?

3. Leonardo's initial anatomy studies of 1489 focused on what part of the body?

4. In what year did Savonarola lead what became known as the Bonfire of the Vanities?

5. Who was the subject of the portrait entitled Lady with an Ermine?

(see the answer keys)

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