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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. While Leonardo often drew and painted full-body male nudes, by contrast, almost all of the women he painted were what?
(a) Clothed and shown from the waist up.
(b) Turned away from the viewer.
(c) Hiding their nakedness with their hair.
(d) Clothed and shown from the waist down.

2. What was the fate of Giacomo Andrea, the man who was a student of Vitruvius's works and was like a brother to Leonardo?
(a) He died of syphilis.
(b) He was killed in battle.
(c) He died of old age.
(d) He was drawn and quartered by French troops.

3. In whose honor was the horse monument intended to be created, with a sculpture of his likeness to be placed upon the back of the horse?
(a) Ludovico Sforza.
(b) Duke Francesco.
(c) Pope Alexander VI.
(d) Cesare Borgia.

4. What is the term for the technique Leonardo invented that sought to blend shadows and lights so that no borders or lines were apparent?
(a) Blocking.
(b) Glazing.
(c) Sgraffito.
(d) Sfumato.

5. Much of Leonardo's thinking regarding birds was gathered into a notebook now known as the Codex on the Flight of Birds. How many folios are present within that notebook?
(a) 3.
(b) 6.
(c) 10.
(d) 18.

6. When Donato Bramante was hired by Ludovico Sforza to remodel the dining hall of the convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie, what painting was Leonardo hired to create on the dining hall's wall?
(a) Salvator Mundi.
(b) The Last Supper.
(c) The Mona Lisa.
(d) The Annunciation.

7. What was the function of the official known as a count palatine?
(a) To enact the legal process of legitimizing children.
(b) To assess a child's ability to enter a particular trade.
(c) To award custody of children to non-related legal guardians.
(d) To mediate local disputes between citizens.

8. During the 70 years following the creation of The Officers of the Night in 1432, an average of how many men per year were accused of sodomy?
(a) 400.
(b) 800.
(c) 200.
(d) 1,100.

9. What family controlled the republic in place in Florence at the time of Leonardo's arrival in the city?
(a) The Medicis.
(b) The Borgias.
(c) The Machiavellis.
(d) The Orsinis.

10. Tempera paints were used by artists in Italy prior to the arrival of oil painting. Oil painting came to Italy from what country?
(a) Germany.
(b) Belgium.
(c) The Netherlands.
(d) Switzerland.

11. What was the population of Florence when Leonardo moved there in 1464?
(a) 20,000.
(b) 60,000.
(c) 100,000.
(d) 40,000.

12. How many godparents gave witness to Leonardo's birth?
(a) 10.
(b) 6.
(c) 8.
(d) 20.

13. What kind of organization was the Compagnia di San Luca that Leonardo joined in 1472?
(a) A co-op.
(b) A religious organization.
(c) A painters' fraternity.
(d) A guild.

14. Whose death prompted Leonardo's father to bring him to Florence at twelve years old?
(a) Leonardo's stepmother's.
(b) Leonardo's maternal grandmother's.
(c) Leonardo's half-brother's.
(d) Leonardo's cousin's.

15. One reason Leonardo could not devise how to square a circle is that a mathematical process for squaring a circle cannot be done with just a compass and a ruler. Instead, it requires what type of number?
(a) Rational.
(b) Real.
(c) Natural.
(d) Transcendental.

Short Answer Questions

1. What fraction of Florence's population was literate in 1472?

2. During the 70 years following the creation of The Officers of the Night in 1432, an average of how many men per year were convicted of sodomy and were sentenced to prison, exile, or death?

3. How soon after Leonardo's birth did his father Piero marry Albiera, Leonardo's stepmother?

4. On what day of the week was Leonardo born?

5. In what year was a great deal of information found and published about the identity of Leonardo's mother?

(see the answer keys)

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