2. In what year did Leonardo and Francesco travel to Pavia to observe and translate the manuscript of Vitruvius?
(a) 1490.
(b) 1477.
(c) 1498.
(d) 1462.

3. How was the model of Leonardo's horse monument destroyed in 1499?
(a) It burnt to the ground.
(b) Vandals smashed it under cover of night.
(c) French archers used it for target practice.
(d) Heavy rains degraded its foundation.

4. What role did Leonardo inhabit upon his arrival to the court of Ludovico Sforza?
(a) A fashion designer.
(b) An engineer.
(c) A producer of pageants.
(d) A portraitist.

5. How many tons did Leonardo plan his horse monument to weigh upon its completion?
(a) 60.
(b) 12.
(c) 24.
(d) 75.

6. Lorenzo de' Medici, a great supporter of the arts in Florence, founded and funded Florence's first public what?
(a) Library.
(b) Art studio.
(c) Zoo.
(d) Museum.

7. In what season of 1452 was Leonardo born?
(a) Winter.
(b) Summer.
(c) Autumn.
(d) Spring.

8. In the late years of what decade did Leonardo begin to devise contraptions that would enable human flight?
(a) 1480s.
(b) 1460s.
(c) 1490s.
(d) 1500s.

9. In the same year that Leonardo was born, Italy began a period of how many peaceful years without war?
(a) 30 years.
(b) 20 years.
(c) 90 years.
(d) 40 years.

10. What book written by Luca Pacioli included 60 illustrations by Leonardo, the only drawings Leonardo ever published in his lifetime?
(a) On Architectural Design.
(b) On Divine Proportion.
(c) On Geometry.
(d) On the Five Regular Solids.

11. When Sigmund Freud wrote a short book psychoanalyzing Leonardo's memory of a bird hovering over his crib, Freud mistakenly analyzed the symbolism of what type of bird visiting Leonardo?
(a) A crane.
(b) An eagle.
(c) A starling.
(d) A vulture.

12. In whose honor was the horse monument intended to be created, with a sculpture of his likeness to be placed upon the back of the horse?
(a) Cesare Borgia.
(b) Ludovico Sforza.
(c) Duke Francesco.
(d) Pope Alexander VI.

13. In what year did Leonardo receive his first commission?
(a) 1452.
(b) 1478.
(c) 1460.
(d) 1492.

14. In the early 1490s, Leonardo undertook the task of learning what language?
(a) Spanish.
(b) Greek.
(c) Latin.
(d) French.

15. On what day of the week was Leonardo born?
(a) Thursday.
(b) Friday.
(c) Saturday.
(d) Sunday.

Short Answer Questions

1. The commission of what art piece led to Leonardo's official appointment in the court of Ludovico Sforza and its accompanying salary and accommodations?

2. Leonardo followed what type of restrictive diet throughout his life?

3. What position was held by legitimate first-born sons in Leonardo's family, stretching back at least five generations?

4. What was different about Leonardo's drawings of machines than those of his contemporaries?

5. What item of clothing did Leonardo insist upon wearing, even though it was antithetical to the fashions of the time?

(see the answer keys)

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