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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Leonardo wrote that, "Those who are in love with practice without theoretical knowledge are like the sailor who goes onto a ship without" (175) what two items?
(a) A compass and a rudder.
(b) A rudder and a spyglass.
(c) A map and a spyglass.
(d) A compass and a map.

2. The commission of what art piece led to Leonardo's official appointment in the court of Ludovico Sforza and its accompanying salary and accommodations?
(a) The Last Supper.
(b) A massive horse monument.
(c) The spire of the Milan Cathedral.
(d) Lady with an Ermine.

3. What fraction of Florence's population was literate in 1472?
(a) One fifth.
(b) One third.
(c) One quarter.
(d) One half.

4. When Leonardo came upon a cave while hiking near Florence, what type of fossilized animal did he discover within the confines of the cave?
(a) A pterodactyl.
(b) A whale.
(c) A catfish.
(d) An eagle.

5. Leonardo followed what type of restrictive diet throughout his life?
(a) Fruitarian.
(b) Pollotarian.
(c) Pescatarian.
(d) Vegetarian.

6. While Leonardo often drew and painted full-body male nudes, by contrast, almost all of the women he painted were what?
(a) Hiding their nakedness with their hair.
(b) Clothed and shown from the waist down.
(c) Clothed and shown from the waist up.
(d) Turned away from the viewer.

7. What was different about Leonardo's drawings of machines than those of his contemporaries?
(a) Leonardo's drawings were done using charcoal.
(b) Leonardo's drawings did not use color.
(c) Leonardo drew all of the different pieces of the machine separately.
(d) Leonardo's drawings were never shown to anyone.

8. In the late years of what decade did Leonardo begin to devise contraptions that would enable human flight?
(a) 1460s.
(b) 1490s.
(c) 1480s.
(d) 1500s.

9. By age five, Leonardo lived primarily with whom?
(a) His father and stepmother.
(b) His birth mother and her husband.
(c) His grandfather Antonio and his wife.
(d) His uncle.

10. Leonardo's memory of a bird hovering above his crib when he was an infant involved what type of bird?
(a) An eagle.
(b) An osprey.
(c) A kite.
(d) A bluebird.

11. When Sigmund Freud wrote a short book psychoanalyzing Leonardo's memory of a bird hovering over his crib, Freud mistakenly analyzed the symbolism of what type of bird visiting Leonardo?
(a) An eagle.
(b) A vulture.
(c) A crane.
(d) A starling.

12. Throughout his life, Leonardo devised how many different formulas for squaring a circular shape?
(a) 64.
(b) 39.
(c) 212.
(d) 169.

13. What height did Leonardo plan his horse monument to reach once completed?
(a) 51 feet.
(b) 14 feet.
(c) 23 feet.
(d) 20 feet.

14. What role did Leonardo inhabit upon his arrival to the court of Ludovico Sforza?
(a) A producer of pageants.
(b) A fashion designer.
(c) An engineer.
(d) A portraitist.

15. How many tons did Leonardo plan his horse monument to weigh upon its completion?
(a) 75.
(b) 12.
(c) 24.
(d) 60.

Short Answer Questions

1. Much of Leonardo's thinking regarding birds was gathered into a notebook now known as the Codex on the Flight of Birds. How many folios are present within that notebook?

2. Which European city had the greatest percentage of literate citizens in 1472?

3. What was the fate of Giacomo Andrea, the man who was a student of Vitruvius's works and was like a brother to Leonardo?

4. In whose honor was the horse monument intended to be created, with a sculpture of his likeness to be placed upon the back of the horse?

5. Who was pope when Leonardo was born?

(see the answer keys)

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