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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. When do various physical illnesses and social disease arise?
(a) When various groups converge.
(b) With the advent of agriculture and rising population densities.
(c) With the hunting to extinction of large species by the hunter-gatherer societies.
(d) When food is scarce.

2. What race was heavily built and physically powerful with a very large brain case?
(a) Cro-Magnon man.
(b) Homo sapiens.
(c) Homo erectus.
(d) Neanderthal.

3. What is considered by most scientists to be uniquely human?
(a) Understanding.
(b) Love.
(c) Language.
(d) Learning.

4. What is the size ratio between a male and female in monogamous species?
(a) They are usually the same size.
(b) The size is not of importance.
(c) The female is usually larger than the male.
(d) The male is usually larger than the female.

5. There is a strong correlation between sexual size dimorphism and what?
(a) Heterosexuality.
(b) Monogamy.
(c) Polygamy.
(d) Homosexuality.

6. Recently, molecular data obtained from DNA hybridization suggests what?
(a) Humans are not closely related to gorillas.
(b) Humans and chimpanzees are very closely genetically related.
(c) Humans, chimpanzees, and gorilla are all very closely genetically related.
(d) Humans are not closely related to chimpanzees and gorillas.

7. Why were many of these scientific studies about extra-marital sexual unions never published?
(a) Because they were incorrect.
(b) Because they were inconclusive.
(c) Because they were incomplete.
(d) Because their conclusions were deemed too inflammatory.

8. What other creatures practice a form of agriculture?
(a) Mice.
(b) Ants.
(c) Dogs.
(d) Fleas.

9. H. erectus was not the first upright hominid but bears the appellation. Why?
(a) Because it is the tallest of all hominids.
(b) Because it was the first upright hominid discovered.
(c) Because it is the easiest to identify of all hominids.
(d) Because it was the most upright of all the hominids.

10. How are human females nearly unique among animals?
(a) They produce live young.
(b) They carry their children for nine months prior to birth.
(c) In menopause.
(d) They are assisted by a male when raising children.

11. Do all animals that show artistic tendencies satisfy each criterion?
(a) No.
(b) In most cases.
(c) Yes.
(d) In all cases.

12. What theory does Darwin offer to explain these traits?
(a) The theory of physical selection.
(b) The theory of genetic selection.
(c) The theory of natural selection.
(d) The theory of sexual selection.

13. How complex is human language?
(a) Not at all complex.
(b) Somewhat complex.
(c) Incredibly complex.
(d) Partially complex.

14. The chimp species (Pan troglodytes) shares what percent of its DNA in common with the pygmy chimp species (Pan paniscus)?
(a) 99.3.
(b) 95.3.
(c) 90.3.
(d) 89.3.

15. What does the conventional wisdom suggest about pre-agricultural hunter-gatherer societies?
(a) They were crude organizations where individuals lived short, brutish, and violent lives.
(b) They were quite sophisticated with intelligent and powerful individuals.
(c) They were simple but filled with intelligence.
(d) They were unique according to location and climate.

Short Answer Questions

1. Eventually A. robustus became extinct and A. africanus gave rise to who?

2. What other traits are highly connected to sexual attractiveness?

3. How does the author believe that humans and chimps should properly be considered to be?

4. Why can men supposedly enjoy extra-marital sex with a minimum of consequences?

5. What does the author conclude about a species' long-term survival probability?

(see the answer keys)

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