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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What has been learned about this species?
(a) They use at least five distinct sounds to convey specific meanings.
(b) They use at least twenty distinct sounds to convey specific meanings.
(c) They use at least fifteen distinct sounds to convey specific meanings.
(d) They use at least ten distinct sounds to convey specific meanings.

2. What primates are monogamous and solitary?
(a) Gorillas.
(b) Apes.
(c) Chimpanzees.
(d) Gibbons.

3. What does the author say about primates with small testes?
(a) They are more complaisant.
(b) They mate frequently.
(c) They are more aggressive.
(d) They mate infrequently.

4. Do all animals that show artistic tendencies satisfy each criterion?
(a) No.
(b) In most cases.
(c) In all cases.
(d) Yes.

5. Is the first criterion uniquely human?
(a) In some cases.
(b) Yes.
(c) Maybe.
(d) No.

6. What is generally considered uniquely human?
(a) Art.
(b) Music.
(c) Dance.
(d) Language.

7. When do chimpanzees diverge from pygmy chimpanzees?
(a) C. 10 millions of years ago.
(b) C. 5 millions of years ago.
(c) C. 6 millions of years ago.
(d) C. 2 millions of years ago.

8. Around 500,000 years ago, H. erectus appears to have given rise to who?
(a) The first modern H. sapiens.
(b) The first modern H. habilis.
(c) The first modern H. georgicus.
(d) The first modern H. ergaster.

9. What other traits are highly connected to sexual attractiveness?
(a) Measures of physical attractiveness.
(b) Measures of personality and measures of physical attractiveness.
(c) Measures of socioeconomic status and measures of intelligence.
(d) Measures of personality and measures of intelligence.

10. There are undoubted benefits of agriculture that come with what?
(a) Notable benefits.
(b) Notable drawbacks.
(c) Significant benefits.
(d) Minor drawbacks.

11. Why are studies of sexual attractiveness in humans difficult to do?
(a) Humans are difficult to trust.
(b) Humans often lie.
(c) Human studies must rely on subjective interviews or careful examination of secondary effects.
(d) Humans do not want to take place in studies.

12. Why were many of these scientific studies about extra-marital sexual unions never published?
(a) Because they were incomplete.
(b) Because they were incorrect.
(c) Because their conclusions were deemed too inflammatory.
(d) Because they were inconclusive.

13. This view on sexual strategies is completely consistent with what?
(a) The standard accepted view of only a few cultures.
(b) The standard accepted theory of evolution by means of natural selection.
(c) The standard view of most cultures.
(d) The standard accepted theory of evolution by means of sexual selection.

14. What does the author conclude about a species' long-term survival probability?
(a) Shorter-lived species put more energy into self-repair and reproduction over a given time period, thus optimizing their long-term survival probability.
(b) Longer-lived species put less energy into self-repair and more energy into reproduction over a given time period, thus optimizing their long-term survival probability.
(c) Longer-lived species put more energy into self-repair and less energy into reproduction over a given time period, thus optimizing their long-term survival probability.
(d) Shorter-lived species put more energy into self-repair and less energy into reproduction over a given time period, thus optimizing their long-term survival probability.

15. The author then considers the nearly uniquely human feature of female estrus?
(a) It is useless.
(b) It is very visible.
(c) It is hidden.
(d) It is non-existent.

Short Answer Questions

1. Do most racial traits appear to have any meaningful influence on environmental fitness?

2. The human penis is largely used for what?

3. What does the author think of the second criterion?

4. When was agriculture first being practiced?

5. What does research show about those who are of one race and are raised by members of another race?

(see the answer keys)

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