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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. At the time the author wrote Chapter 9, how much of the earth was ice-free?

2. When were bones discovered in a cave that gave the world the Neanderthal?

3. In the 1960s, where did Ralph Solecki uncovered the remains of several Neanderthals in a cave?

4. In Chapter 7, by what percent did a study by Australian researchers find that the Great Barrier Reef had declined in the last thirty years?

5. In Chapter 8, how long had it taken Silman and the author to travel 50 miles?

Short Essay Questions

1. What was Cohn-Haft's job when he first worked at Reserve 1202?

2. How did Terry Erwin count beetles in the late 1970s?

3. As early as the 1840s what explanations had been proposed for the megafauna extinction?

4. Why did Suci get an ultrasound in Chapter 11?

5. How did army ants differ from most other ants?

6. How did the author describe the forest as they descended to Silman's tree plots in Chapter 8?

7. How did tree diversity vary around the world?

8. What was one bird species Cohn-Haft discovered through rigorous listening?

9. In the 1950s, what led William Straus and Alexander Cave to believe that Neanderthals walked upright?

10. Where had Neanderthal bones been discovered after they were first discovered in Germany?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Biosphere 2 was built to show how life could survive in a closed environment. What factors lead to the failure of Biosphere 2 and why couldn't the humans who lived there survive inside?

Essay Topic 2

Some scientists believe coral reefs may become extinct. What factors are threatening coral reefs and why might they not survive? Can anything be done to improve the chances of coral reefs surviving?

Essay Topic 3

Isolation seems to threaten the diversity of a species. What are some causes of isolation that seem to threaten species? Why don't species just adapt in smaller numbers when isolated?

(see the answer keys)

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