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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. How many species of birds were estimated to live in the entire world?

2. In Chapter 11, how close was the nearest eligible male rhino?

3. At the time the author wrote Chapter 9, how much of the earth was ice-free?

4. According to the Geological Society of America, how much land had people directly transformed?

5. When was the best time to hear birds in the Amazon?

Short Essay Questions

1. What was the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project?

2. Why did the Sumatran rhino species nearly become extinct?

3. In the 1950s, what led William Straus and Alexander Cave to believe that Neanderthals walked upright?

4. How did army ants differ from most other ants?

5. How were Silman's tree plots laid out?

6. What was one bird species Cohn-Haft discovered through rigorous listening?

7. In Chapter 10, what introduced species could the author see on her lawn?

8. What was Biosphere 2?

9. What were the hobbits?

10. How did the author describe the forest as they descended to Silman's tree plots in Chapter 8?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Isolation seems to threaten the diversity of a species. What are some causes of isolation that seem to threaten species? Why don't species just adapt in smaller numbers when isolated?

Essay Topic 2

The great auk became extinct in the 19th century. What were the causes that made the bird extinct and were they preventable?

Essay Topic 3

Thomas Kuhn believed that perception played a role in scientific study. How did perception cause scientists to stubbornly hold on to misguided theories and what would finally cause theories to be abandoned or revised?

(see the answer keys)

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