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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. When was the tenth edition of Car Linnaeus' "Systema Naturae" published?

2. At the time the author wrote Chapter 5, what was the current theory for the end-Ordovician extinction?

3. What type of stone was in the jagged outcropping of Dob's Linn?

4. What was Zalasiewicz's speciality?

5. What tattoo did Edgardo Griffith have?

Short Essay Questions

1. How was extinction dealt with before the end of the 18th century?

2. What was the Gola del Botttaccione?

3. What did the author see as she swam toward volcanic vents off Castello Aragonese?

4. Where and how did extinction emerge as an idea?

5. What deforested Easter Island and how was that conclusion derived?

6. What did Cuvier do at the Paris Museum of Natural History?

7. When and how did it appear that the American mastodon became extinct?

8. Where had Bd spread?

9. Where were the Panamanian golden frogs housed, when it was discovered they were dying?

10. How did Charles Lyell become a scientist?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

It was theorized that the world was once one continent. Why did the concept of species migrating and the difficulty of their doing so without assistance lead to the idea that the world once was one continent? What evidence was discovered that seemed to support the theory?

Essay Topic 2

Biosphere 2 was built to show how life could survive in a closed environment. What factors lead to the failure of Biosphere 2 and why couldn't the humans who lived there survive inside?

Essay Topic 3

Lyell disagree with the theory that catastrophes were responsible for geological changes. What did Lyell believe was responsible for geological changes and what evidence did he believe he had to prove that theory?

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