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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. When the oceans emptied out, how many marine species were believed to have died off?
(a) 35 percent.
(b) 85 percent.
(c) 65 percent.
(d) 45 percent.

2. When a second set of mastodon bones were found, where we they sent?
(a) Berlin.
(b) Paris.
(c) Berne.
(d) London.

3. When did Darwin write to Anton Dohrn, founder of a marine biological station at Castello Aragonese?
(a) 1883.
(b) 1867.
(c) 1874.
(d) 1892.

4. When did Walter Alvarez visit the Gola del Bottaccione?
(a) Late 1970s.
(b) 1964.
(c) 1978.
(d) Early 1970s.

5. From what country were Norway rats from?
(a) Japan.
(b) Norway.
(c) China.
(d) Egypt.

6. Where was the Jambato toad found in backyard gardens?
(a) Argentina.
(b) Peru.
(c) Ecuador.
(d) Chile.

7. Of the fossils collected by Kolbert at Dob's Linn, what letter did many of them resemble?
(a) L.
(b) V.
(c) T.
(d) M.

8. When was the tenth edition of Car Linnaeus' "Systema Naturae" published?
(a) 1758.
(b) 1736.
(c) 1794.
(d) 1764.

9. When did a volcanic eruption force the entire population of Ischia to take refuge on Castello Aragonese?
(a) 1460.
(b) 1302.
(c) 1312.
(d) 1411.

10. What color eyes does Kolbert's guide have who shows her around Dob's Linn?
(a) Brown.
(b) Blue.
(c) Black.
(d) Green.

11. Who first proposed that there had been five great mass extinctions during the history of life on Earth?
(a) Andrews and Pierson.
(b) Smythe and Brandenburg.
(c) Roberts and Whitman.
(d) Wake and Vredenburg.

12. On which edge of Castello Aragonese were the waters more or less unaffected by the vents?
(a) Eastern.
(b) Southern.
(c) Northern.
(d) Western.

13. In the late 1980s, where did an American herpetologist go and find only one single male golden toad?
(a) Costa Rica.
(b) Haiti.
(c) Honduras.
(d) Dominican Repulican.

14. In 1984, where were grains of shocked quartz found in a layer of clay?
(a) Colorado.
(b) Western Utah.
(c) Wyoming.
(d) Eastern Montana.

15. When was the breeding season for auks?
(a) March.
(b) May and June.
(c) July.
(d) April and May.

Short Answer Questions

1. How many species of gastric-brooding frogs went extinct recently?

2. According to Pascal Tassy, how many proboscidean species had been identified?

3. What did golden frogs look like when they walk?

4. How tall were adult auks?

5. What size was a skeleton discovered west of Buenos Aires?

(see the answer keys)

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