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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapters IX-X.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. When did Hall-Spencer first take a trip to the vents near Castello Aragonese?
(a) 2000.
(b) 2001.
(c) 2002.
(d) 1999.

2. If an ocean current flowed about one mile per hours, in six week, how far could a seed be carried?
(a) 300 miles.
(b) About 500 miles.
(c) 700 miles.
(d) More than 1,000 miles.

3. Worldwide, how many amphibians species had been identified?
(a) 4,500.
(b) Just over 7,000.
(c) About 5,000.
(d) 3,500.

4. How many species of birds were estimated to live in the entire world?
(a) 10,000.
(b) 8,000.
(c) 5,000.
(d) 12,000.

5. When was it difficult to avoid stepping on frogs in Sierra Nevada?
(a) 1940s.
(b) 1970s.
(c) 1960s.
(d) 1950s.

Short Answer Questions

1. When were the first mastodon bones discovered that were subjected to scientific study?

2. Who was the first scientist to test sensitivity of coral to the saturation state?

3. At the time the author wrote Chapter 5, what was the current theory for the end-Ordovician extinction?

4. During the end-Permian extinction, how much did scientists theorize the seas warmed?

5. How long after the author read an article about the five great mass extinctions that had occurred on the earth did she book a plane to Panama?

(see the answer key)

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