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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to the book, the Highland culture was created in _______ distinct stages, the first occurring in the eighteenth century.

2. According to the book, _______ of old traditions is one of the causes of the invention of traditions.

3. The book asserts that traditions are invented when old ____ forms are deliberately not used or adapted.

4. The book asserts that the creation of invented traditions helps historians make sense of human relations in the _______.

5. According to ______ Morgan, there were a number of groups and individuals who were involved in preservation of Welsh culture.

Short Essay Questions

1. What did the oldest part of the history say about the Welsh and the people of Wales?

2. What did Welsh scholars and patriots rediscover about their past as they began to notice interest declining?

3. Why was it surprising that the Welsh cultural life was beginning to fall apart in the eighteenth to early nineteenth century?

4. What was the story that was told about the Welsh in relation to Christianity and to the pagans?

5. What are the three different types of invented traditions, according to the book?

6. Where were the Highland regiments fighting when they took on the wearing of the kilt?

7. What is the name of the well-written and powerful work about the Scotsmen that contains many colorful illustrations?

8. How does the author use the term 'invented tradition' in this manuscript?

9. What helps to produce the invented tradition of the kilt within the Scottish mythology?

10. What are two of the most common symbols that are associated with the Scotsmen society?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

When the culture was declining in Wales, the historians looked for historical practices that might remind the modern society of their past.

Part 1: Do you think that this sort of process happens in all countries?

Part 2: Why do you think the past is so important for the modern day person to remember? What benefits does this bring?

Part 3: Do you think modern society would benefit from having more emphasis on the past practices of the common person?

Essay Topic 2

The preservation of Welsh traditions caused many groups to fight actively for the cause.

Part 1: What happens to a culture that is preserved by modern day citizens?

Part 2: What happens to a culture whose traditions simply die out and fade away?

Part 3: Do you think it's important to preserve all traditions in a society?

Essay Topic 3

The book also begins to point out that many traditions are used to control the people who follow them.

Part 1: Do you think traditions are meant to control people?

Part 2: Why do you think traditions might effectively control those who use them?

Part 3: How do you think a tradition can be followed without being controlling of others? Is this possible?

(see the answer keys)

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