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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In particular, the author suggests that historians pay attention to the creation of all of the following concepts except _______.
(a) National symbols.
(b) Nation-state.
(c) Nation.
(d) United Nations.

2. The Highland Society had many aims including the repeal of laws forbidding _______ in Scotland.
(a) Weddings.
(b) Highland dress.
(c) Bagpipes.
(d) Prima Nocta.

3. The ________ is a set of musical and poetic competitions for which prizes are awarded.
(a) Glendower.
(b) Eisteddfod.
(c) Arhianrod.
(d) Morganwg.

4. According to the book, the basic type of invented tradition was called ______, which outlined the historical practices of a particular group.
(a) Communitarian.
(b) Egalitarian.
(c) Communistic.
(d) Libertarian.

5. The author claims that the Highland regiments fighting in _______ and the U.S. adopted the Highland garb.
(a) India.
(b) Pakistan.
(c) Guinea.
(d) England.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to the book, the Highland culture was created in _______ distinct stages, the first occurring in the eighteenth century.

2. A number of ministers from all of the following backgrounds except ______, began to use Druidic theology.

3. Hobsbawm asserts that exceptions to the decline in question 22 exist in all of the following areas except ______.

4. One of the parts of Welsh history held that the Welsh were first _______ and fought against the pagan Saxons.

5. One of the costume changes that occurred was the discontinuation of use of the ______.

Short Essay Questions

1. What happened as a result of a loss of cultural self confidence, according to the book?

2. What does the author mean in this manuscript when he says that traditions have tacit rules?

3. What specific group of leaders began to struggle to maintain Welsh culture, according to the book?

4. What did the oldest part of the history say about the Welsh and the people of Wales?

5. How does the author use the term 'invented tradition' in this manuscript?

6. What are the three stages of the Highland tradition's creation?

7. What is the difference between traditions, customs, and routines, according to the book?

8. What are two of the general values that new invented traditions tend to inculcate, according to the book?

9. What was abandoned during the time of the Welsh cultural decay, causing more troubles?

10. Where can exceptions to traditions be found, though some traditions have filled in the space abandoned by secular decline?

(see the answer keys)

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