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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The Highland Society had many aims including the repeal of laws forbidding _______ in Scotland.
(a) Bagpipes.
(b) Prima Nocta.
(c) Highland dress.
(d) Weddings.

2. According to the book, the minister of ______ wrote a Critical Dissertation, in which he provided the context for Macpherson's transposed locations.
(a) Sleat.
(b) Skye.
(c) Ireland.
(d) Ossian.

3. The author suggests that the ______ established in created rituals is false and only seems real in the mind.
(a) Division.
(b) Ecstasy.
(c) History.
(d) Continuity.

4. Hobsbawm asserts that one of the factors that makes _______ unique is that they do not allow for variance in practice.
(a) Rituals.
(b) Customs.
(c) Routines.
(d) Traditions.

5. According to the book, _______ theology undermined the Welsh culture by replacing its symbolism.
(a) Pagan.
(b) Lutheran.
(c) Catholic.
(d) Protestant.

6. The author claims that ancient materials and _______ are used to construct invented traditions to which new powerful rituals are tied.
(a) Dates.
(b) Calendars.
(c) Planets.
(d) Symbols.

7. The author suggests that invented traditions have mostly arisen in the last ______ hundred years.
(a) Three.
(b) Four.
(c) One.
(d) Two.

8. In chapter one, the author introduces his concept of ________ which are tied to false histories and have contemporary origins.
(a) Constructed traditions.
(b) Valid traditions.
(c) False traditions.
(d) Invented traditions.

9. The author asserts that attitudes were ______ in Wales and thus there was a loss of cultural self-confidence.
(a) Anglicized.
(b) Russianized.
(c) Africanized.
(d) Germanized.

10. The author also makes a distinction between traditions and ______, which have no ritual or symbolic significance.
(a) Routines.
(b) Rites.
(c) Rituals.
(d) Rifts.

11. The invented traditions referred to in question 17 include all of the following types except _______.
(a) Traditions that establish or symbolize social cohesion.
(b) Traditions that promote socialization.
(c) Traditions that seek to usurp authority.
(d) Traditions that legitimize institutions of authority.

12. The author claims that the Highland regiments fighting in _______ and the U.S. adopted the Highland garb.
(a) England.
(b) India.
(c) Guinea.
(d) Pakistan.

13. The author states that the invention of tradition involves _______ and ritualization with reference to the past.
(a) Infrastructure.
(b) Institutionalization.
(c) Inspiration.
(d) Formalization.

14. The book asserts that traditions are invented when old ____ forms are deliberately not used or adapted.
(a) Psychological.
(b) Social.
(c) Political.
(d) Religious.

15. The people of the Highlands are known as a _______ society.
(a) Barbaric.
(b) Berber.
(c) Germanic.
(d) Celtic.

Short Answer Questions

1. In the early nineteenth century the Celtic Society of ______ was founded and pushed the Highland cause.

2. The author asserts that one of the factors that made the book so powerful was(were) the _______.

3. In the late _______ the Almanack Eisteddfodau was associated with Welsh societies and had greater public impact than before.

4. Hobsbawm suggests in the book that the Highland costume changed in the ______ century.

5. The Welsh lineage included all of the following backgrounds with the exception of _______.

(see the answer keys)

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