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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge collected Welsh ______ in order to preserve the culture.
(a) Prose.
(b) Sculptures.
(c) Art.
(d) Verse.

2. According to the author, values and norms are established through ______ in ritual and tie back to the past.
(a) Chanting.
(b) Sacrifice.
(c) Singular use.
(d) Repetition.

3. The old Welsh histories held that they were the _____ people of the British Islands.
(a) Youngest.
(b) Eldest.
(c) Strongest.
(d) Most beautiful.

4. Hobsbawm suggests that two of the three types of tradition outlined in question 18 tend to support the main tradition, ________.
(a) Traditions that seek to usurp authority.
(b) Traditions that establish or symbolize social cohesion.
(c) Traditions that promote socialization
(d) Traditions that legitimize institutions of authority.

5. The people of the Highlands are known as a _______ society.
(a) Germanic.
(b) Berber.
(c) Barbaric.
(d) Celtic.

6. The old Welsh histories followed the lives of each of the Welsh _______ and their lineage and descendants.
(a) Kings.
(b) Emperors.
(c) Queens.
(d) Princes.

7. _______ decided that Welsh culture should be preserved and helped develop the invention of a tradition.
(a) William Jones.
(b) Owain Glyndwr.
(c) Edward Lhuyd.
(d) Glendower.

8. According to the book, the notion of a distinct Highland culture is a myth that did not exist prior to the _______ century.
(a) Sixteenth.
(b) Seventeenth.
(c) Eighteenth.
(d) Nineteenth.

9. According to the book, the Highland culture was created in _______ distinct stages, the first occurring in the eighteenth century.
(a) Two.
(b) Four.
(c) Three.
(d) Five.

10. A number of _______ including Iolo Morganwg became interested in the old Druid practices.
(a) Physicians.
(b) Anthropologists.
(c) Archaeologists.
(d) Psychologists.

11. The Highland Society had many aims including the repeal of laws forbidding _______ in Scotland.
(a) Highland dress.
(b) Weddings.
(c) Prima Nocta.
(d) Bagpipes.

12. The invented traditions referred to in question 17 include all of the following types except _______.
(a) Traditions that seek to usurp authority.
(b) Traditions that legitimize institutions of authority.
(c) Traditions that promote socialization.
(d) Traditions that establish or symbolize social cohesion.

13. In 1773, _______ of Balenau published a book of medieval Welsh poetry that revived interest in the Welsh language.
(a) Iolo Morganwg.
(b) Rice Jones.
(c) Edward Lhuyd.
(d) Owain Glyndwr.

14. According to the book, the ______ movement and its association with the noble savage helped produce the invented tradition.
(a) Romantic.
(b) Commercial.
(c) Enlightenment.
(d) Industrial.

15. In chapter one, the author introduces his concept of ________ which are tied to false histories and have contemporary origins.
(a) Invented traditions.
(b) False traditions.
(c) Valid traditions.
(d) Constructed traditions.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to the book, _______ theology undermined the Welsh culture by replacing its symbolism.

2. The author also makes a distinction between traditions and ______, which have no ritual or symbolic significance.

3. Hobsbawm asserts that the overtly or tacitly accepted rules of traditions must have a ______ nature.

4. The author asserts that attitudes were ______ in Wales and thus there was a loss of cultural self-confidence.

5. In Chapter 2, Hobsbawm asserts that Scotsmen celebrate their identity with common symbols including the kilt and ______.

(see the answer keys)

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