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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Cole say about the results of many surgeries?

2. Why does Mukherjee believe it is fortunate that Farber had not asked any of the pediatricians about creating an anti-leukemic drug?

3. According to Bennett the blood had spoiled. Bennett referred to this as a ___________ of blood.

4. Minot's research pertained mostly to ________________ anemia.

5. In 1969, the New York Times published an open letter to ___________________ begging him to support cancer research.

Short Essay Questions

1. How is the 21st anniversary of the Jimmy Fund significant?

2. On what two fundamental tenets is biology based? Explain these tenets.

3. How was this letter to Richard Nixon significant at the time?

4. Describe Farber's society. How was it successful?

5. What is VAMP? What about this might have surprised Zubrod?

6. What were the two major arguments regarding current cancer treatments? Why?

7. How was the chemotherapy ward a battle ground in the 1970s?

8. How did Virchow stumble upon cancer?

9. Why was John Bennett wrong?

10. Choose a period of history that is significant to cancer research. How is this significant?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

John Bennett was a Scottish physician in the 1800s.

Part 1) What discovery did he make? What were his assumptions about this discovery? Why might he have come to this conclusion? How was he wrong?

Part 2) Describe the work of Rudolf Virchow. How did his studies and conclusions compare to Bennett's? How did this affect what is known about cancer and specifically leukemia? How had knowledge of cancer developed up to this point? What important studies and cases led to the naming of leukemia in 1847?

Part 3) How did studies after the 1840s lead to even more understanding of cancer and specifically leukemia? Has this led to a significant amount of success? Why or why not? Has cancer research seen as much success as other areas of medical study? Why or why not?

Essay Topic 2

In 1775, Percival Pott noticed a shocking number of his patients suffered from scrotal cancer.

Part 1) Why had this increase occurred? Why were many of cases such as these ignored? What does this say about society at this time? How does this lead to studies into the effects of tobacco and cigarettes?

Part 2) When was it finally determined that tobacco and cigarettes cause lung cancer? Why did it take so long? Why is cigarette smoking still allowed, even though it is known that it causes cancer? What role has the tobacco industry played in the continued purchasing and popularity of cigarettes?

Part 3) How has the view of smoking begun to change? How is this seen in our society including restaurants, bars, and even on television and in movies?

Essay Topic 3

Cancer is said to be a total disease.

Part 1) What is meant by this statement? Do you agree that cancer is a total disease? Why or why not? What does this mean for cancer research and potential cures for cancer?

Part 2) Is cancer the only disease that is a total disease? If not, what other diseases would you consider total diseases? Are there any diseases that are not total diseases? If so, which ones? Why?

Part 3) How might you deal with a total disease like cancer? How might it affect you? Who would you reach out to if you found out you had a total disease like cancer? Why?

(see the answer keys)

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