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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In 1969, the New York Times published an open letter to ___________________ begging him to support cancer research.
(a) Jimmy Carter.
(b) Dwight D. Eisenhower.
(c) Richard Nixon.
(d) John F. Kennedy.

2. The radical mastectomy needed to be tested against what?
(a) The lumpectomy.
(b) The simple mastectomy.
(c) The lumpectomy plus radiation.
(d) The simply mastectomy and lumpectomy plus radiation.

3. Mukherjee begins to discuss the age of cancer, referring to the ancient discoveries of ___________ in 2625 B.C.
(a) Imhotep.
(b) Caesar Augustus.
(c) Genghis Khan.
(d) Cleopatra.

4. __________ trial and error continued.
(a) No.
(b) Very little.
(c) A great deal of.
(d) Some.

5. What was the goal of the oncologist at this time?
(a) To fight the cancer.
(b) To study how cancer destroys cells.
(c) To compete with other oncologists.
(d) To earn a large paycheck.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who led tests on intensive chemotherapy by using 4 drugs referred to as MOPP?

2. Why does Mukherjee believe it is fortunate that Farber had not asked any of the pediatricians about creating an anti-leukemic drug?

3. What was the most common practice regarding the development of therapies?

4. Mukherjee updates Carla Reed's condition. What had happened so far?

5. Mukherjee met with Carla. They discussed the survival rate of leukemia. At one time, there was almost no chance that Carla could have been able to survive the onset of the leukemia. With the advent of modern medicine and new treatments, Carla had a ______ chance of surviving the disease.

Short Essay Questions

1. What was the significance of using MOPP in the treatment of breast cancer?

2. What are the two schools of thought regarding surgery? Why was this such a problem?

3. What symptoms led to Carla Reed learning she had leukemia?

4. How could this battle regarding surgery be ended?

5. What is meant by the "smiling oncologist?"

6. What did FDR do to fight cancer? What caused support of cancer research to wane? Why?

7. On what two fundamental tenets is biology based? Explain these tenets.

8. What is VAMP? What about this might have surprised Zubrod?

9. Describe Farber's society. How was it successful?

10. What did Moya Cole think of Halsted's theories? Why?

(see the answer keys)

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