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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Why does Halberstam say that September and October of 1963 were good for the Kennedy administration?
(a) The administration was prepared to pick up seats in special elections.
(b) There was accord on civil rights issues.
(c) The military made progress in the Mekong Delta.
(d) Averell Harriman made progress on the test ban treaty.

2. How does Halberstam say the U.S. spun the Gulf of Tonkin incident?
(a) They said that the offensive was completely unexpected.
(b) They said that the U.S. plane was in international airspace.
(c) They said that the U.S. ship had been attacked.
(d) They said that the use of napalm was necessary now.

3. Whose staff does Halberstam say outlined three responses to the American bombing campaign?
(a) McGeorge Bundy.
(b) General Westmoreland.
(c) General Harkin.
(d) Maxwell Taylor.

4. What does Halberstam say was decided at the April 20, 1965 meeting in Honolulu?
(a) The military reduced troop levels.
(b) The military refused to provide reports from field commanders.
(c) The military shifted to search-and-destroy missions exclusively.
(d) The military agreed to increased troop usage.

5. What does Halberstam say was Lyndon Johnson's feeling about the coup?
(a) He opposed it.
(b) He proposed it.
(c) He turned a blind eye to it.
(d) He endorsed it.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Halberstam say General Westmoreland was projecting after 1965?

2. What does Halberstam say the U.S. assured its generals during their meeting in Vietnam?

3. What does Halberstam say was going to cause the realities of the war to be made public?

4. How did McNamara's position on bombing change over time?

5. What plan was the U.S. government preparing for by the end of 1964?

Short Essay Questions

1. What was President Johnson's position with regard to bombing?

2. What were the questions people were asking on the issue of bombing the North?

3. What was the military's position on bombing North Vietnam?

4. What does Halberstam say Maxwell Taylor said were the three issues confronting the U.S. in its Vietnam planning?

5. What was Dean Rusk's role in Vietnam after Kennedy's assassination?

6. What were the alternatives the staff in Vietnam laid out for Maxwell Taylor when he visited Vietnam in the fall of 1964?

7. Who expressed doubt about the Vietnam war, and what happened to their opposition?

8. What does Halberstam say happened when Westmoreland assumed control?

9. Describe what Halberstam calls 'the Bundy trip' to Vietnam.

10. What does Halberstam say was Johnson's approach to paying for the war?

(see the answer keys)

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