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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How did McNamara's position on bombing change over time?
(a) After a few months, he was convinced of bombing's effectiveness.
(b) Years later, he would say that he had doubts about how useful bombing would be.
(c) After a year, he reversed his position entirely.
(d) After the first weeks, he was sure that bombing would end the war.

2. What did Johnson say he needed before they could move against the North?
(a) Success in the Mekong delta.
(b) A stable government in the South.
(c) Bipartisan support.
(d) Success around Saigon.

3. What does Halberstam say was decided at the April 20, 1965 meeting in Honolulu?
(a) The military agreed to increased troop usage.
(b) The military shifted to search-and-destroy missions exclusively.
(c) The military refused to provide reports from field commanders.
(d) The military reduced troop levels.

4. What had USAID done in Vietnam at the beginning of Chapter 15?
(a) Refused to work with the American military.
(b) Recalled its missionaries.
(c) Removed its military advisers.
(d) Cut off commodity aid.

5. Who oversaw domestic operations of the operation code named 34A?
(a) McGeorge Bundy.
(b) Maxwell Taylor.
(c) General Harkins.
(d) General Westmoreland.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who opposed the fact-finding trip to Vietnam in early 1965?

2. What does Halberstam say the Kennedy administration found out after the coup?

3. Who tipped off Senator Wayne Morse about the real situation of the Gulf of Tonkin incident?

4. Who was named commander of American forces in Vietnam in June 1964?

5. Why did President Johnson authorize bombing attacks on North Vietnam, in Halberstam's account?

Short Essay Questions

1. What did the Johnson administration tell America as it committed more troops to Vietnam?

2. What does Halberstam say Maxwell Taylor said were the three issues confronting the U.S. in its Vietnam planning?

3. What was Rolling Thunder and what was its purpose?

4. What was President Johnson's position with regard to bombing?

5. What program did Maxwell Taylor call for in the paper he wrote on his way back from Vietnam?

6. What was the military's position on bombing North Vietnam?

7. What does Halberstam say was Johnson's approach to paying for the war?

8. What does Halberstam say the effect of the Vietnam war on the American people was?

9. What was Dean Rusk's role in Vietnam after Kennedy's assassination?

10. What happened during the second Gulf of Tonkin incident?

(see the answer keys)

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