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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Why didn't Kennedy offer the position of Secretary of State to McGeorge Bundy?
(a) Bundy did not have the support of the Jews.
(b) Bundy was too old and conservative.
(c) Bundy had a reputation for saying damaging things off the cuff.
(d) Bundy was a Republican and too young.

2. Which of these was NOT a point of disagreement between the White House and the military, in Halberstam's account?
(a) The use of napalm.
(b) The commitment of advisers.
(c) The free fire zones.
(d) The use of jets.

3. On which issue does Halberstam say Kennedy compromised with the military?
(a) The use of jets.
(b) The use of napalm.
(c) Bombing in the north.
(d) Free fire zones.

4. What was Kennedy's position on the Cold War policies of his predecessors?
(a) He was going to continue them.
(b) He did not want to follow them.
(c) He was going to improve on them.
(d) He was going to end them.

5. What were Eleanor Roosevelt's feelings about Kennedy?
(a) She did not entirely trust him.
(b) She distrusted his Catholicism.
(c) She admired his leadership.
(d) She resented his inexperience.

Short Answer Questions

1. What was the logic behind the U.S.'s actions after the 1961 fact-finding mission?

2. Whom did Robert Lovett recommend to Kennedy for Secretary of State?

3. What does Halberstam say marked the end of the generals' faith in Diem?

4. Which situation had the biggest effect on the Kennedy administration in 1961?

5. What does Halberstam say the U.S. government had to rely on once it had advisers in Vietnam?

Short Essay Questions

1. What was the Kennedy administration's stance with regard to Russia?

2. Why does Halberstam say Chester Bowles' popularity faded?

3. What was the American government's relationship with Diem in 1961?

4. Describe U.S. engagements in Vietnam in the 1950s.

5. How did the fall of China and the Cold War affect the Kennedy administration?

6. Describe the confrontation in Laos.

7. What three plans does Halberstam say the U.S. was considering in Vietnam in 1961?

8. Why didn't the U.S. gain the loyalty of the Vietnamese peasants?

9. Who was McGeorge Bundy, and what was his role in the Kennedy administration?

10. Why did Diem and the U.S. end up working together?

(see the answer keys)

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