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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What do young, nonreproductive ants do with their eggs?

2. How many ants are contained in each hectare of soil in the Amazonian rainforest?

3. What is the focus of the Ergonomic Stage of an ant colony?

4. Which of the following groups of ants does the least amount of physical work within the colony?

5. How many life cycle stages do all ant colonies go through?

Short Essay Questions

1. What happens during the founding stage of an ant colony?

2. What are "Tramp Species" of ants?

3. What realization did scientists make about the Myrmica ants ability to differentiate larvae from eggs?

4. How is ant communication categorized?

5. Why are male ants typically neglected in taxonomic studies?

6. What controversy surrounds the ant fossil discovered in the Victoria, Australia by Jell and Duncan in 1986?

7. What is the most common form of communication between ants, and how is it expressed?

8. What happens during the ergonomic stage of an ant colony?

9. What claim of colony odor did scientists Jaffe and Sanchez make in 1984?

10. What are the most common ways through with an ant colony becomes polygynus?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Many field studies have been done in regards to the symbiotic relationships ants have with their own, and alien species in the wild. Explain how a symbiotic relationship is defined. Give one example of a symbiotic relationship between differing ant species. Finally, give at least one example of a symbiotic relationship between and ant and alien species in the wild.

Essay Topic 2

Harvester ants have been widely studied, even back in Biblical times. Describe the characteristics of a harvester ant. Summarize at least one study about harvester ants presented in the text. Finally, explain the effects harvester and have on vegetation throughout the world.

Essay Topic 3

Each ant colony goes through three distinct phases of the life cycle. Explain what happens during the founding stages of an ant colony. Explain what happens during the ergonomic stages. Finally, explain what happens during the reproductive phase. How do all three of these phases work together as a life cycle?

(see the answer keys)

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