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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following is NOT part of mutualism within ant-plant symbiosis?
(a) Ant parasites.
(b) Myrmecophyte.
(c) Microorganisms.
(d) Fungi.

2. Which of the following is the most common type of plant-ant symbiosis?
(a) Acacia.
(b) Carebara.
(c) Vidua.
(d) Moffett.

3. What are bead glands also known as?
(a) Gold bodies.
(b) Emerald bodies.
(c) Pearl bodies.
(d) Diamond bodies.

4. How many species of ants were represented in the ant mosaic of Queensland, Australia?
(a) 14.
(b) 4.
(c) 34.
(d) 24.

5. In Gray's report regarding worker ants of the Myrmecia variant, how long would the workers crouch close to a branch, mandibles open, waiting to spring at prey?
(a) 30 minutes.
(b) 3 hours.
(c) 5 hours.
(d) 2 hours.

6. Where do weaver ants live, exclusively?
(a) In trees.
(b) Near water.
(c) Underground.
(d) In vegetation.

7. What is the most important element in harvester ants' diet?
(a) Honey.
(b) Plant matter.
(c) Fungus.
(d) Grain.

8. Which of the following ant species is of most interest to Wilson and Holldobler in their discussion of fungus growing ants?
(a) Weaver ants.
(b) Army ants.
(c) Leafcutter ants.
(d) Diver ants.

9. How old must an Eciton army ant be to reach sexual maturity?
(a) At least one day old.
(b) At least one month old.
(c) At least one year old.
(d) At least one week old.

10. How many foraging periods to harvester ants typically participate in each day?
(a) One.
(b) Three.
(c) Two.
(d) Four.

11. Which of the following insects are harvested in "ranches" by ants?
(a) Honeybees.
(b) Aphids.
(c) Fleas.
(d) Katydids.

12. What does a "true ectoparasite" feed off?
(a) Soil.
(b) Larvae.
(c) Excrement.
(d) Blood.

13. In what part of the ant's anatomy are the unicellular glands?
(a) The antennae.
(b) The thorax.
(c) The head.
(d) The abdomen.

14. What does the term "army ant" relate to?
(a) Defensive movement.
(b) Food location.
(c) Reproduction.
(d) Nesting.

15. Which of the following scientists was NOT involved in the study of hierarchical competition?
(a) Yasuno.
(b) Kazcmarek.
(c) Loeschcke.
(d) Marikovsky.

Short Answer Questions

1. On which part of the host ant's body do Coxequesomidae mites live?

2. According to Pisarski's classification, what tier of workers will fight with alien workers?

3. Which of the following is NOT a type of symbiosis found in ant species?

4. Which of the following body parts are NOT affected by formicosis?

5. When Wilson wrote about studying harvester ants and the Old Testament, where was he located?

(see the answer keys)

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