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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following scientists was NOT involved in the study of hierarchical competition?
(a) Loeschcke.
(b) Yasuno.
(c) Kazcmarek.
(d) Marikovsky.

2. Which of the following ant species is the most specialized granivore?
(a) Pheidole Pallax.
(b) Messor Pergandei.
(c) Acanthomyremex ferox.
(d) Atta Cephalotes.

3. When Wilson wrote about studying harvester ants and the Old Testament, where was he located?
(a) Syria.
(b) India.
(c) Persia.
(d) Israel.

4. During his studies in Louisiana, what system did Moser find ant fungus growing ant nests?
(a) Hydration systems.
(b) Plumbing systems.
(c) Transportation systems.
(d) Ventilation systems.

5. What is the most important element in harvester ants' diet?
(a) Fungus.
(b) Plant matter.
(c) Honey.
(d) Grain.

6. Which of the following scientists told the amusing anecdote about ants that stripped a garden overnight?
(a) Holldobler.
(b) Cherrett.
(c) Belt.
(d) von Hagen.

7. Which of the following is not a myrmecophile noted in the text?
(a) Beetles.
(b) Flies.
(c) Locusts.
(d) Wasps.

8. In Gray's report regarding worker ants of the Myrmecia variant, how long would the workers crouch close to a branch, mandibles open, waiting to spring at prey?
(a) 3 hours.
(b) 30 minutes.
(c) 5 hours.
(d) 2 hours.

9. What is the main component of a weaver ant's nest?
(a) Sand.
(b) Leaves.
(c) Wood.
(d) Garbage.

10. Which of the following insects are harvested in "ranches" by ants?
(a) Fleas.
(b) Honeybees.
(c) Katydids.
(d) Aphids.

11. Which of the following body parts are NOT affected by formicosis?
(a) Nose.
(b) Throat.
(c) Lungs.
(d) Bronchials.

12. Where does "the ultimate parasite" Teleutomyrmex schneideri live?
(a) Liberia.
(b) Russia.
(c) Denmark.
(d) Switzerland.

13. How many species of ants were represented in the ant mosaic of Queensland, Australia?
(a) 14.
(b) 34.
(c) 24.
(d) 4.

14. In what part of the ant's anatomy are the unicellular glands?
(a) The antennae.
(b) The abdomen.
(c) The head.
(d) The thorax.

15. What is another word for myrmecophile?
(a) Queen.
(b) Predator.
(c) Host.
(d) Guest.

Short Answer Questions

1. In what country did scientists Vepsalainen and Pisarski devise a three-tiered classification for hierarchical competition?

2. Which of the following chemicals do Wilson and Holldobler use on ant specimens?

3. Where do weaver ants live, exclusively?

4. During what decade did scientists begin to focus on competition within community organization?

5. Which of the following best describes the body of weaver ants?

(see the answer keys)

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