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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following scientists was the first to discover the glandular source of colony odor?
(a) Blum.
(b) Vander Meer.
(c) Morel.
(d) Jaffe.

2. Which of the following insects is most detrimental to ant populations?
(a) Ladybugs.
(b) Locusts.
(c) Aphids.
(d) Spiders.

3. What are gamergates?
(a) All young female ants.
(b) Sterile female ants.
(c) Fertile female ants.
(d) Female larvae.

4. Who coined the term "social insects"?
(a) Wheeler.
(b) Morton.
(c) Holldobler.
(d) Wilson.

5. Which part of an ant's body is used most during kin recognition?
(a) Legs.
(b) Antennae.
(c) Nose.
(d) Eyes.

6. How many grades does Evans give for the behavior variation of ants?
(a) 19.
(b) 32.
(c) 13.
(d) 27.

7. How many ants are contained in each hectare of soil in the Amazonian rainforest?
(a) 800,000.
(b) 8 million.
(c) 18 million.
(d) 80 million.

8. Which of the following terms describes an ant colony's maintenance by self-regulation?
(a) Homeostasis.
(b) Dulosis.
(c) Lestobiosis.
(d) Ergonomics.

9. Which of the following is NOT one of the ways biomass is measured?
(a) Collecting.
(b) Weighing.
(c) Photographing.
(d) Drying.

10. Which of the following is NOT a way ant species deal with their dead?
(a) Burying the dead.
(b) Discarding the dead.
(c) Abandoning the dead.
(d) Cannibaling the dead.

11. Which of the following types of ants maintain many different nests although they only live in one at a time?
(a) Leaf cutter ants.
(b) Fire ants
(c) Army ants.
(d) Weaver ants.

12. Which of the following was the first scientist to discuss kin selection in ants?
(a) Darwin.
(b) Hamilton.
(c) Michener.
(d) Lin.

13. What are repletes concerned with?
(a) Food storage.
(b) Defense.
(c) Brood care.
(d) Reproduction.

14. How are alien species treated when they enter the nest?
(a) They are welcomed.
(b) They are killed.
(c) They are ignored.
(d) They are forced out.

15. Which of the following is NOT a caste within ant colonies?
(a) Sterile females.
(b) Males.
(c) Queens.
(d) Larvae.

Short Answer Questions

1. Which of the following is NOT a phase of colony defense?

2. In the woodlands of New England, ants move as much soil as what other insect?

3. Which of the following groups of ants is most likely to eat a dead nest mate?

4. How many categories of ant communication are there?

5. What percentage of herbaceous plant species are distributed by ants in New York?

(see the answer keys)

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