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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How old is the oldest ant fossil found to date?
(a) 800 million years old.
(b) 18 million years old.
(c) 8 million years old.
(d) 80 million years old.

2. Which of the following is NOT a ways Wilson describes foreign ants being treated?
(a) They are accepted, but withheld food.
(b) They are pestered with constant nipping and leg pulling.
(c) They are killed.
(d) They are forced to lock mandibles in a dual.

3. During trophallaxis communication, what is exchanged between individuals?
(a) Liquid.
(b) Odor.
(c) Grooming.
(d) Food.

4. What happens to the offspring of a queen when she is forced into a polygyny society?
(a) The number of her offspring is unaffected.
(b) The number of her offspring increases.
(c) She will no longer produce offspring.
(d) The number of her offspring decreases.

5. Which of the following worlds does Wilson claim that ants run?
(a) The terrestrial world.
(b) The aquatic world.
(c) All of the above.
(d) The coastal world.

6. How are alien species treated when they enter the nest?
(a) They are killed.
(b) They are ignored.
(c) They are welcomed.
(d) They are forced out.

7. Which of the following terms describes an ant colony's maintenance by self-regulation?
(a) Dulosis.
(b) Homeostasis.
(c) Ergonomics.
(d) Lestobiosis.

8. Which of the following is NOT a method of foraging discussed in this novel?
(a) Central-place foraging.
(b) Group retrieval.
(c) Solitary foraging.
(d) Decay foraging.

9. What part of milling-major heads are adapted for their work?
(a) Their ears.
(b) Their mouths.
(c) Their antennae.
(d) Their eyes.

10. When did Creighton create his useful review of "Ants North of Mexico"?
(a) 1970.
(b) 1950.
(c) 1980.
(d) 1960.

11. Which of the following is NOT a phase of colony defense?
(a) Alarm.
(b) Absconding.
(c) Contact.
(d) Recruitment.

12. Which of the following groups of insects uses kin recognition similar to ants?
(a) Dragonflies.
(b) Honey bees.
(c) Wasps.
(d) Locust.

13. Which of the following are used by worker ants to stimulate new larvae growth?
(a) Sodium.
(b) Oxygen.
(c) Pheromones.
(d) Iodine.

14. Which part of an ant's body is used most during kin recognition?
(a) Eyes.
(b) Nose.
(c) Legs.
(d) Antennae.

15. What is considered the final stage of a mature ant colony?
(a) The Reproductive Stage.
(b) The Ergonomic Stage.
(c) The Virgin Stage.
(d) The Founding Stage.

Short Answer Questions

1. What species of ant carries large quantities of freshly cut vegetation into underground nests as deep as six meters?

2. What are gamergates?

3. Which of the following is NOT a method of communication used by ant species?

4. What is the scientific name for the first generation of workers?

5. What happens in during pleometriosis?

(see the answer keys)

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