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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How old is the oldest ant fossil found to date?
(a) 18 million years old.
(b) 8 million years old.
(c) 80 million years old.
(d) 800 million years old.

2. Which of the following species of ants is NOT considered territorial?
(a) Honeypot ants.
(b) Harvesting ants.
(c) Leaf cutter ants.
(d) Weaver ants.

3. What happens when a queen ant is found to be infertile?
(a) She is ignored.
(b) She is expelled from the colony.
(c) She is killed.
(d) She becomes a worker ant.

4. What is considered the final stage of a mature ant colony?
(a) The Virgin Stage.
(b) The Ergonomic Stage.
(c) The Founding Stage.
(d) The Reproductive Stage.

5. How many grades does Evans give for the behavior variation of ants?
(a) 19.
(b) 32.
(c) 13.
(d) 27.

6. How long is the desert ant's life expectancy?
(a) 26 days.
(b) 16 days.
(c) 6 days.
(d) 36 days.

7. What are gamergates?
(a) Sterile female ants.
(b) Female larvae.
(c) All young female ants.
(d) Fertile female ants.

8. Which of the following is NOT a reason for nest migration that Wilson describes in this text?
(a) Overcrowding.
(b) Climate change.
(c) Flooding.
(d) Predation.

9. Which of the following is NOT a reason Wilson gives as to how colonies manage their queen numbers?
(a) Physical Elimination.
(b) Egg Defect.
(c) Emigration.
(d) Reproductive Castration.

10. Who coined the term "social insects"?
(a) Holldobler.
(b) Morton.
(c) Wilson.
(d) Wheeler.

11. What does the stridulatory organ in an ant's anatomy do?
(a) Vibrates with sound.
(b) Processes scent.
(c) Emits odors.
(d) Makes sound.

12. Which of the following elements was brought by ants to the Amazon rainforest?
(a) Formic acid.
(b) Gold filaments.
(c) Coal dust.
(d) Sulfur.

13. What month of the year is considered the "nuptial flight" month for ant species?
(a) April.
(b) October.
(c) January.
(d) July.

14. How many times their own body weight do Idaho harvester ants retrieve during their lifetime?
(a) 20 times their body weight.
(b) 2000 times their body weight.
(c) Twice their body weight.
(d) 200 times their body weight.

15. Which of the following groups of ants does the least amount of physical work within the colony?
(a) Sterile female ants.
(b) Queen ants.
(c) Male ants.
(d) Fertile female ants.

Short Answer Questions

1. Which of the following procedures is NOT altered when an individual undergoes sociogenesis?

2. Which of the following ants are considered most altruistic?

3. What is modulatory communication?

4. At what university were radioactive ants found in the 1960s?

5. Which of the following is NOT a system of kin recognition listed in the novel?

(see the answer keys)

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