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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How many foraging periods to harvester ants typically participate in each day?
(a) Three.
(b) Four.
(c) Two.
(d) One.

2. Which of the following chemicals do Wilson and Holldobler use on ant specimens?
(a) Ergonovine.
(b) Ether.
(c) Ethanol.
(d) Ethelymine.

3. During what season of the year are Solenopsis flies absent from most ecosystems?
(a) Spring.
(b) Summer.
(c) Winter.
(d) Fall.

4. How long can ants be stored in alcohol?
(a) Indefinitely.
(b) Two months.
(c) Two days.
(d) Two weeks.

5. How is dulosis defined?
(a) Brooding.
(b) Foraging.
(c) Reproduction.
(d) Slavery.

Short Answer Questions

1. What do leafcutter ants primarily feed off?

2. What shape does an ant garden typically take?

3. What are bead glands also known as?

4. During his studies in Louisiana, what system did Moser find ant fungus growing ant nests?

5. What does the red ant, Proceratium, forage for?

Short Essay Questions

1. How do Solenopsis flies affect the productivity of Apocephalus ants in Texas?

2. What is dulosis? How is it a form of symbiosis?

3. How does density specialization affect competition with ant species?

4. In his study of army ants published in 1948, what does Schnerila claim happens to the queen as her brood reaches maturity?

5. Why are Proceratium ants considered the most specialized of all egg predators?

6. How is an army ant defined?

7. What is the first phase of nest building in a weaver ant colony? Why does this phase require teamwork?

8. What amusing anecdote does V. Wolfgang von Hagen give about leafcutter ants?

9. What is acacia?

10. What type of ant predator did Levieux discover by digging under the soil on the Ivory Coast in 1983?

(see the answer keys)

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