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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Genet say about George Jackson's letters?

2. Hebdige says it is hard to clearly define the boundaries between what?

3. The Skinheads focus on what as a foundation of their subculture?

4. In Chapter 7, Hebdige focuses on something and how it affects the definition of a subculture. What is it that he focuses on?

5. Which of the following is associated with Punks?

Short Essay Questions

1. According to Hebdige, what is considered cultural "noise"? What does it mean?

2. What does Hebdige say about the existence of subcultures?

3. Who does Hebdige say has a major affect on defining subcultures to the public?

4. How does Hebdige say the mass culture uses style?

5. In your opinion, what is the overall message that Hebdige gets across by writing this book?

6. In terms of its relation to the subculture, what does Hebdige say happens to the object's meaning once it goes back to the dominant culture?

7. In your opinion, how does the content of this book affect present day society in America?

8. What does Hebdige say about the straightforward style?

9. How does Hebdige say Punkers' desire to be different sometimes affects them?

10. At what point in the book did Hebdige come to his conclusion about style?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Does the author say that subcultures are unruly expressions of oneself or serve a more functional purpose? How does his opinion relate to the principles of Punkers vs. Skinheads?

Essay Topic 2

In the end, the author agreed that "Style, as a form of articulation, cannot be understood outside of the context in which it is intended." Do you agree with this analysis? If so, give specific personal reasons and examples from the book that support this. If not, explain why you do not agree as well as your point-of-view on style.

Essay Topic 3

Of the Rastafarian and Punk subcultures, which one seems to be the most defiant of the dominant culture, in your opinion? Give specific examples from the book that support your point of view.

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