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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Hebdige says the relationship between which of the following is NOT a constant?
(a) Experience, facts, and signification.
(b) Experience, expression, and signification.
(c) Opinions, expression, and signs.
(d) Truths, understanding, and signs.

2. Which of the following is associated with Punks?
(a) Surfing.
(b) Sports.
(c) Forthrightness.
(d) Beating around the bush.

3. Which objects do Punks use to promote who they are?
(a) Mohawk hairstyle.
(b) Nothing. They are less concerned with objects and more concerned about the controversy they generate.
(c) Music.
(d) Trench coat.

4. Of the following, which does Hebdige say is true of George Jackson's words?
(a) They are fixed in history.
(b) They are fixed in meaning.
(c) They are fixed in the dominant culture.
(d) They are fixed in space.

5. Of the following, who does Hebdige say is a militant black man?
(a) Genet.
(b) T.S. Eliot.
(c) George Jackson.
(d) Barthes.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Hebdige say "incites a cultural fear of further hidden transgressions"?

2. In the Punk subculture, when is commodification complete?

3. In which of the following ways, do Punks communicate language?

4. What does Hebdige say style articulates between the dominant culture and subcultures?

5. In Chapter 9, which of the following does Hebdige use as an example of an object that once again becomes solely associated with the dominant culture?

Short Essay Questions

1. In Chapter 7, how does Hebdige define style?

2. What does Hebdige say the general public's understanding of a subculture leads to?

3. In your opinion, what is the overall message that Hebdige gets across by writing this book?

4. In terms of its relation to the subculture, what does Hebdige say happens to the object's meaning once it goes back to the dominant culture?

5. According to Chapter 6, what is the relationship between the mass culture and subcultures?

6. What conclusion does Hebdige finally come to about style?

7. What does Hebdige conclude about style and how that may have been the cause of the tension between the 70's Teddy Boys and Punks?

8. According to Hebdige, how do Punkers affect mass media?

9. Why do many black subcultures consist of more than the youth found in white subcultures?

10. How does Hebdige say Punkers' desire to be different sometimes affects them?

(see the answer keys)

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