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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following is defined as "presenting a single, coherent identity"?
(a) Style of chaos and flux.
(b) Subculture style.
(c) Straightforward style.
(d) Backwards style.

2. In Chapter 9, which of the following does Hebdige use as an example of an object that once again becomes solely associated with the dominant culture?
(a) Shoe.
(b) Safety pin.
(c) Radio.
(d) Blanket.

3. What method is used to facilitate the mass society's understanding of subcultures?
(a) The government enacts laws.
(b) The subculture becomes the dominant culture.
(c) It is "domesticated."
(d) There is a formal training about it.

4. Of the following, who said, "Style, as a form of articulation, cannot be understood outside of the context in which it is intended"?
(a) Karl Marx.
(b) Genet.
(c) Barthes.
(d) Sigmund Freud.

5. Hebdige says it is hard to clearly define the boundaries between what?
(a) Wants and needs.
(b) Reality and assumptions.
(c) Subculture and mass culture.
(d) Production and creative expression.

6. In terms of style, what does supply drive?
(a) Market.
(b) Demand.
(c) Style.
(d) Significance of a subculture.

7. Of the following, which is defined as a "diverse set of signifiers which are likely to change from moment to moment"?
(a) Backwards style.
(b) Subculture style.
(c) Straightforward style.
(d) Style of chaos and flux.

8. Who does Hebdige compare to signified skinheads?
(a) Nebulous punkers.
(b) Rebellious Rastafarians.
(c) Marvelous mods.
(d) Gorgeous glams.

9. What is a major difference between the participants of black subcultures and white subcultures?
(a) Black subcultures usually include young and old participants.
(b) Black subcultures only include poor participants.
(c) White subcultures only include rich participants.
(d) White subcultures usually include young and old participants.

10. Hebdige says that Genet transformed from individual into what?
(a) Brotherhood.
(b) Group.
(c) Spirit.
(d) Realm of revolution.

11. Which of the following is a way of making subcultures understood by the masses?
(a) It is actively destroyed.
(b) It is practiced by many more individuals and becomes the new dominant culture.
(c) It is viewed as "incomprehensible."
(d) The masses never seek to understand it.

12. How does Hebdige define self-conscious expression?
(a) An aesthetic of subcultures.
(b) An aesthetic of the mass culture.
(c) A blatant way of rebelling against the dominant culture.
(d) A form of style.

13. What does Hebdige define as "a systemic, material language in which objects can be combined in infinite ways to produce meaning"?
(a) Aesthetic.
(b) Subculture.
(c) Traditions.
(d) Science of the concrete.

14. According to Chapter 6, subcultures usually involve transgressions of what?
(a) Religious or political views.
(b) Music or clothing.
(c) Views on education.
(d) Language or behavior.

15. Which of the following represents a product style?
(a) Occupation.
(b) Clothing.
(c) Food.
(d) Music.

Short Answer Questions

1. Which of the following is a dance style associated with the Punk subculture?

2. Which of the following is another word for "science of the concrete"?

3. Which of the following is associated with Punks?

4. Which of the following terms does Nuttal use to describe a rocket jacket?

5. When it comes to the objects of style, Hebdige is particularly interested in what?

(see the answer keys)

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