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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Reggae has origins in which of the following?
(a) America.
(b) West Indies.
(c) Post-war Britain.
(d) Pre-war Britain.

2. Chapter 2 begins by talking about the London heat wave of what year?
(a) 1950.
(b) 1982.
(c) 1999.
(d) 1976.

3. Hebdige states, "the implication is that style, with its inherent subversion, can . . ." do what?
(a) "Fight the consciousness of mass culture."
(b) "Persuade the subconsciousness of mass culture."
(c) "Influence the unconsciousness of mass culture."
(d) "Influence the consciousness of mass culture."

4. Which of the following was one of the first to embrace the Rastafarian style?
(a) All races in the working class of America.
(b) Black, upper class around the world.
(c) White, upper class of Great Britain.
(d) Black, working class of Great Britain.

5. What did Jamaican slaves combine with the teachings of the Bible to form reggae?
(a) Nothing. They only utilized the teachings from the Bible to form reggae.
(b) Written traditions.
(c) Oral traditions.
(d) Ideals from the mass culture.

6. Which of the following subcultures discriminates against blacks; yet enjoy aspects of their culture, such as music?
(a) Hipsters.
(b) Teddy Boys.
(c) Hippies.
(d) Skinheads.

7. Punk's motivating music types came together through which of the following to create Punk?
(a) Common sense and logic.
(b) Pomp and circumstance.
(c) Common experience and circumstance.
(d) Logic and circumstance.

8. In Chapter 5, what is Britain unable to get rid of?
(a) Class conflict.
(b) Gender conflict.
(c) Age conflict.
(d) Race conflict.

9. Which of the following subcultures was viewed by the mass culture as a major threat and lead its members to declare war?
(a) Punk.
(b) Rastafarian.
(c) Glam.
(d) Reggae.

10. Which place do Rastafarians believe is the "Promised Land"?
(a) Paris.
(b) Abuja.
(c) Nairobi.
(d) Babylon.

11. By their very nature, subcultures do what to the mass culture?
(a) Reflect.
(b) Agree with.
(c) Threaten.
(d) Encourage.

12. Individuals' conduct in society is greatly influenced by which?
(a) Firemen and women.
(b) Police.
(c) Lawyers.
(d) Bankers.

13. What happened to the people of London as the heat intensified?
(a) The people went from being annoyed to being violent.
(b) The people migrated to Dublin, Ireland.
(c) The masses died.
(d) Nothing. The heat wave did not affect them.

14. What does Hebdige say about post-war Britain with regard to mass media and how it defines cultural experience?
(a) "It shares sound and images across race and culture."
(b) "It shares sound and images across class and culture."
(c) It shares truths and sound across age and race."
(d) "It shares images and ideals across age and gender."

15. According to Hebdige, the mass culture mythologizes signification as a means of gaining which of the following?
(a) Importance.
(b) More followers.
(c) Attention.
(d) Control.

Short Answer Questions

1. Hebdige said punk was viewed by those not a part of the subculture as which of the following?

2. Why do the Beats and Hipsters embrace aspects of the black culture?

3. The Glam subculture primarily consisted of which of the following?

4. The anger of the people turned into what type of riots?

5. Chapter 4 speaks about the Glams and their ideal of which of the following?

(see the answer keys)

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