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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the main thing Hebdige is trying to understand about subcultures?
(a) Their emotional context.
(b) Their religious context.
(c) Their spiritual context.
(d) Their historical context.

2. Which of the following subcultures discriminates against blacks; yet enjoy aspects of their culture, such as music?
(a) Skinheads.
(b) Hipsters.
(c) Hippies.
(d) Teddy Boys.

3. Why do the Beats and Hipsters embrace aspects of the black culture?
(a) Because they want to be black.
(b) Because they are black.
(c) Because they are confused.
(d) Because it shows the variety within their own white culture.

4. According to Hebdige, which is an underlying influence of the reggae subculture?
(a) Poetry.
(b) Drugs.
(c) Music.
(d) Religion.

5. The manner in which the Rastafarian parents migrated did which of the following?
(a) Allowed them to easily conform to the cultural norms of their new home.
(b) Demonstrated their hope for a bright future in a new land.
(c) Marked them as targets of discrimination.
(d) Showed they were successful business people.

6. According to Hebdige, the mass culture mythologizes signification as a means of gaining which of the following?
(a) More followers.
(b) Control.
(c) Importance.
(d) Attention.

7. According to the Rastafarians, which of the following is considered a blessing?
(a) Poverty.
(b) Education.
(c) Riches.
(d) Family.

8. Punk lacks which of the following?
(a) Music.
(b) Secularism.
(c) A historical basis.
(d) Nationalism.

9. In Chapter 4, what does Hebdige say about black and white subcultures and how they got the ideas for their subcultures?
(a) White subcultures got their foundational ideas from the mass culture, and black subcultures followed suit.
(b) Black and white subcultures worked together to gather ideas for the foundations of their subcultures.
(c) Black subcultures got many of their ideas for the foundation of their subcultures from white subcultures.
(d) White subcultures got many of their ideas for the foundation of their subcultures from black subcultures.

10. To which philosopher does Hebdige compare his beliefs?
(a) Arnaldus de Villanova.
(b) Karl Marx.
(c) Ibn Warraq.
(d) Albric of London.

11. Which place do Rastafarians believe is the "Promised Land"?
(a) Paris.
(b) Nairobi.
(c) Babylon.
(d) Abuja.

12. Hebdige's Subculture is which of the following approaches to understanding the styles of Britain's youth cultures?
(a) Post-structuralist.
(b) Structuralist.
(c) Historical.
(d) Deconstructuralist.

13. Skinheads derived from what subculture?
(a) Teddy Boys.
(b) Hard mods.
(c) Glams.
(d) Rastafarians.

14. According to the Rastafarian interpretation of the Bible, where is God?
(a) Africa.
(b) Asia.
(c) Europe.
(d) South America.

15. Which of the following is a notion NOT associated with the Punk subculture?
(a) Anti-social behavior.
(b) A religious basis.
(c) The shock and awe factor.
(d) Profanity.

Short Answer Questions

1. Individuals' conduct in society is greatly influenced by which?

2. The STYLE between the Teddy Boys of the 50's and 70's is which of the following?

3. Punk's motivating music types came together through which of the following to create Punk?

4. Hebdige states, "the implication is that style, with its inherent subversion, can . . ." do what?

5. What type of "rebellion" does Hebdige say subcultures are?

(see the answer keys)

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