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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How were Arab nations vulnerable during the First World War?
(a) Their supplies were extremely limited.
(b) They had no real firearms.
(c) They could not afford much loss of manpower.
(d) They had almost no communication or chain of command.

2. In what strategic realm did Hitler fail?
(a) Local strategy.
(b) Strategy of tactical movements.
(c) Strategy of diplomatic measures.
(d) Grand strategy.

3. In the author's view, a battle that results in massive casualties and the temporary gain of an objective is best described as which of the following?
(a) A disaster.
(b) An indirect method.
(c) A decisive result.
(d) An indecisive result.

4. What is meant by "flexibility" in strategic terms?
(a) Forces should be composed of a wide variety of troop types.
(b) Goals should be adjusted to meet current means.
(c) Commanders should be ready for any attack.
(d) Forces should stay mobile.

5. What is one of the main advantages of a large army?
(a) It can sustain significant loss of life.
(b) It can easily occupy and hold fortified locations.
(c) It can provide for itself.
(d) It cannot be defeated except by an equally large force.

Short Answer Questions

1. The common and imprecise interpretation of Clausewitz's writings was that victory could achieved by having a majority of which of the following?

2. Who was the main German commander on the eastern front?

3. What was Napoleon able to accomplish that Hitler could not?

4. What was Germany's problem in Russia with regards to grand strategy?

5. "Limited aim" strategy generally precludes what type of outcome?

Short Essay Questions

1. How successful was Germany's expansion during the early parts of World War II? Why was this expansion eventually halted and reversed?

2. What challenge did Germany face in fighting in Russian territory?

3. How did Hitler's study of Napoleon negatively influence him?

4. What is a wedge attack, what is it used for and how is it countered?

5. What were the strengths and vulnerabilities of the Turks and the Arabs during the First World War?

6. What was the problem with Clausewitz's writings, and why did they have a negative impact on the first World War?

7. Why was Ludendorff mostly unable to enact indirect strategies throughout the war?

8. What is the typical result of careless concentration of forces?

9. How does the nature and purpose of strategy relate to people's unwillingness to be convinced of a point contrary to their own beliefs?

10. Describe some common tactical movements of the armies of World War II.

(see the answer keys)

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