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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In the First World War, what was Italy's diplomatic status?
(a) It was allied with Austria and Hungary.
(b) It remained neutral, but was invaded by both Austria and France.
(c) It successfully remained neutral throughout the war.
(d) It was allied with France and England.

2. Which of the following did Clausewitz see himself as?
(a) A philosopher.
(b) A statesman.
(c) A diplomat.
(d) A scientist.

3. During World War II, most maneuvers had the intention of attacking the enemy where?
(a) Along their coastlines.
(b) In their capital cities.
(c) In their rear area.
(d) Along their entire front.

4. What is the purpose of strategy?
(a) To cause the enemy to abandon their goal.
(b) To destroy the people's politics, culture and religion.
(c) To destroy the enemy armies entirely.
(d) The capture enemy resources and wealth.

5. What was Germany's problem in Russia with regards to grand strategy?
(a) There was no real infrastructure in Russia.
(b) German officials refused appointments to Russian territory.
(c) There was no real achievable border in Russia.
(d) The Russians would never become fascists.

Short Answer Questions

1. Turkey's strategies are most similar to those of what military leader?

2. What is a "wedge attack" intended to achieve?

3. Which important development did Clausewitz overlook in his books?

4. In the author's view, a battle that results in massive casualties and the temporary gain of an objective is best described as which of the following?

5. What is one of the main advantages of a large army?

Short Essay Questions

1. Describe some common tactical movements of the armies of World War II.

2. How does the nature and purpose of strategy relate to people's unwillingness to be convinced of a point contrary to their own beliefs?

3. What were the results and casualty rates on the Southeastern and Mediterranean fronts during the First World War?

4. Describe the strategies used by the Turks during the First World War.

5. What did Germany need in order to become secure and peacefully end the war?

6. What were the strengths and vulnerabilities of the Turks and the Arabs during the First World War?

7. What is a wedge attack, what is it used for and how is it countered?

8. Why was Ludendorff mostly unable to enact indirect strategies throughout the war?

9. What causes generals to overstep the bounds of "limited aim" warfare?

10. How did Hitler gain the loyalty and trust of his subordinates?

(see the answer keys)

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