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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Constable du Geusclin always avoided attacking which of the following?
(a) The line of expectation.
(b) The main body of the enemy forces.
(c) Supply lines.
(d) Fortified cities.

2. Constable du Guesclin's style was most influenced by which previous general?
(a) Alexander.
(b) Fabius.
(c) Hannibal.
(d) Caesar.

3. According to the author, how did Turenne's military strategy change as the general aged?
(a) His increasingly relied on outdated strategies.
(b) He relied on weak advisors.
(c) His grasp of strategy faded quickly.
(d) His strategy continued to improve.

4. How did the Greeks contain the superior numbers of their enemies?
(a) By using mercenaries.
(b) By levying soldiers from the citizenry.
(c) By bribing Persian soldiers.
(d) By retreating into a narrow strait.

5. What is the most important possible result of a significant moral victory?
(a) A war can be ended without fighting.
(b) Losses can be reduced.
(c) A battle can be avoided.
(d) A superior position can be gained.

6. The author suggests that which of the following can easily become involved in grand strategy?
(a) Organized labor.
(b) Industry.
(c) Religion.
(d) Race.

7. Who was the Emperor of the Western Roman Empire during Belisarius's time?
(a) Justinian.
(b) Augustus.
(c) Quintus.
(d) Nero.

8. Prince Edward is credited with improving greatly what type of military element?
(a) Mobile reconnaissance.
(b) Combined arms.
(c) Fortified castles.
(d) Supply trains.

9. At the time of the Wars of Spanish Succession, what was the state of most European nations?
(a) They badly needed more manpower to carry out large wars.
(b) They were becoming industrialized.
(c) They were ruled by various princes and not united.
(d) They were becoming democracies and republics.

10. What factor aided Napoleon in his ascent to become ruler of a united France?
(a) Unrest in occupied territories.
(b) Popular support for a new form of government.
(c) Strong economic growth.
(d) Rapid militarization.

11. What is one problem of relying upon locomotives in warfare?
(a) Coal and labor must be constantly in supply.
(b) The civilian population will suffer without access to trains.
(c) Troops suffer health problems.
(d) The railways must be protected.

12. About how many men was Belisarius given with which to conquer the Vandals?
(a) Fifty thousand
(b) Five thousand.
(c) A hundred thousand.
(d) Fifteen thousand.

13. Effective grand strategies must include what factor?
(a) Both indirect and direct methods.
(b) Methods to maintain whatever is gained.
(c) Propaganda.
(d) Methods to subjugate conquered peoples.

14. When moving to engage the superior Scottish forces, what was the nature of Cromwell's overall strategic maneuver?
(a) A lightning offensive that relied on seizing the enemy's supplies.
(b) A slow inexorable creep that avoided major confrontations.
(c) An indirect sweeping movement made while gathering supplies.
(d) Cromwell did not use a strategic maneuver.

15. When an enemy is attacked along a "natural line of expectation," what is the usual result?
(a) The enemy has a high chance of resisting the attack.
(b) The enemy will not be able to counter effectively.
(c) The enemy will not be prepared for the attack.
(d) The enemy's strength will be worn down.

Short Answer Questions

1. Why did Caesar prefer to win battles and campaigns with as little bloodshed as possible?

2. How does the author define "Grand Strategy"?

3. William's ally attacked England from which direction?

4. Which of the following was not a major branch of the military during Cromwell's time?

5. Why did the war chief Vitiges decide not to fight Belisarius in Naples?

(see the answer keys)

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