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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What distinction does the author make during the discussion of the wars fought by Hannibal, Scipio and Caesar?
(a) Free vs conscripted armies.
(b) Strategy vs tactics.
(c) Decisive vs indecisive results.
(d) Direct vs indirect approaches.

2. The Wars of Spanish Succession were strongly affected by what factor in Europe?
(a) Plague.
(b) Politics.
(c) Weather.
(d) Colonialism.

3. How does the author characterize the France that develops under Napoleon?
(a) It was a strong force for peace.
(b) It was a menace.
(c) It lacked real military strength.
(d) It was weaker than it appeared at the time.

4. The Germans devised their strategy for war with France and the allies on the strategies of what general?
(a) Fabius.
(b) Hannibal.
(c) Caesar.
(d) Du Guesclin.

5. What factor hampered Marlborough's progress?
(a) Communications were not reliable at the time.
(b) Spanish supply trains were too slow.
(c) He was held back by cautious generals.
(d) The enemy had numerical superiority.

6. Which war demonstrated the risks of using a largely unprofessional force?
(a) The Spanish Civil War.
(b) The Crimean War.
(c) The American Civil War.
(d) The Baltic War.

7. During William of Normandy's time, what was the state of military strategy?
(a) It was almost totally forgotten.
(b) It was in decline.
(c) It was unpopular for being unchivalrous.
(d) It was improving greatly.

8. What was Belisarius's first major reconquest?
(a) Persia.
(b) Rome.
(c) Spain.
(d) Egypt.

9. In addition to the physical gains, why did Fabius employ his brand of warfare?
(a) In order to pillage territories more effectively.
(b) To wear down his opponent's strength.
(c) For pyschological effect.
(d) For pure fame and glory.

10. Decisive results are almost always the result of what kind of strategy?
(a) Rapid offensives.
(b) The direct method.
(c) Guerilla warfare.
(d) The indirect method.

11. In what area of generalship did Belisarius excel?
(a) Defensive strategy.
(b) Logistics.
(c) Offensive strategy.
(d) Fire weapons.

12. What disadvantage can the use of "picked troops" offset?
(a) Rough terrain.
(b) Lack of training.
(c) Inferior numbers.
(d) Enemy fortifications.

13. Why did many European principalities fail to become strong, united nations?
(a) There was insufficient technology to support a large state.
(b) The philosophy and religion of the time discouraged it.
(c) Individual princes were unwilling to give up their power.
(d) Constant bickering drove them apart.

14. According to one of the aphorisms introduced at the beginning of the book, what is the likely outcome for all nations that participate in a war?
(a) They will strengthen the support of the people.
(b) They will suffer more than they gain.
(c) They will lose international standing.
(d) They will profit if the war takes place outside their borders.

15. Which general is attributed to stating and frequently reciting the famous line given in this chapter about the relative importance of the moral and the physical?
(a) Hitler.
(b) Washington.
(c) Napoleon.
(d) Darius.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to the author, what nation first employed military strategy in Europe?

2. "Grand Strategy" incorporates what two elements of warfare?

3. A "pincer movement" involves what kind of strategic maneuver?

4. Constable du Geusclin always avoided attacking which of the following?

5. According to a famous quotation described at the beginning of the book, how important are moral conditions compared to physical conditions?

(see the answer keys)

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