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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What quality redeemed the characters based on Belinsky?
(a) Simple kindness.
(b) World-weariness.
(c) Self-defeating clumsiness.
(d) Intense moral convictions.

2. Whose philosophy did Herzen follow?
(a) Plato's.
(b) Marx'.
(c) Rousseau's.
(d) Hegel's.

3. How was Fathers and Children received in Russia?
(a) It was not noticed until later in Turgenev's life.
(b) It was banned for obscenity.
(c) It caused a controversy over its portrayal of nihilism.
(d) It was celebrated as an avant-garde modernism novel.

4. When did Tolstoy's reputation change?
(a) In the early 1860s.
(b) In the early 1890s.
(c) In the late 1880s.
(d) In the mid-1870s.

5. Which principles did Belinsky never abandon?
(a) German Romanticism.
(b) French Decadence.
(c) English Humanism.
(d) Russian Nationalism.

Short Answer Questions

1. What European doctrine did Herzen deplore?

2. How did Herzen apply the philosophy of the philosopher whose work he followed?

3. Where did Tolstoy find the source of his philosophy?

4. Where did Belinsky receive encouragement?

5. What term of contempt did Tolstoy use for writing he disliked?

Short Essay Questions

1. What belief did Tolstoy share with Rousseau?

2. What balances did Belinsky strike in his social status and identity?

3. How did Hegel's ideas influence Herzen?

4. Where did characters based on Belinsky appear in Russian literature?

5. According to Berlin, why was Turgenev attacked from both left and right?

6. What signs indicate the importance of Belinsky in Russian culture?

7. What qualities did the characters based on Belinsky have?

8. What did Russian populists experience when they went to the communes in 1874?

9. What was the stance of the "new men" toward Turgenev?

10. What was the critical consensus on Tolstoy, and how does Berlin revise it?

(see the answer keys)

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