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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What was the relationship between literature and politics in mid-nineteenth century Russia?
(a) Politics followed road maps laid out in literature.
(b) Literature prophesied political developments.
(c) Politics was transposed onto literature.
(d) Literature reacted to political events.

2. Who was exiled to Siberia because of the trial of a group of conspirators?
(a) Alexander Pushkin.
(b) Nikolai Gogol.
(c) Leo Tolstoy.
(d) Fyodor Dostoevsky.

3. How did Herzen see history?
(a) Herzen saw history as the narrative imposed after events.
(b) Herzen saw history as the mind of God thinking.
(c) Herzen saw history as a mechanistic development.
(d) Herzen saw history as a movement of spiritual forces.

4. Whose writing was Russia "intellectually dependent" upon?
(a) Hume and Locke.
(b) Plato and Plotinus.
(c) Flaubert and Rousseau.
(d) Fichte and Schelling.

5. How does Berlin describe Herzen's importance?
(a) Berlin describes him as a theorist whose ideas were popular for a short time.
(b) Berlin describes him as censor who had a powerful effect on Russian literature.
(c) Berlin describes him as writer of no lasting importance.
(d) Berlin describes him as a moral thinker of the first importance.

6. According to Berlin, what did Tolstoy have the greatest faith in?
(a) Divine causes.
(b) History.
(c) Nations.
(d) Individual experience.

7. What as Alexander Herzen's employment?
(a) He was a famous playwright.
(b) He was an education minister.
(c) He was an effective publicist.
(d) He was a censor in the government.

8. What was Tolstoy's relationship with Joseph de Maistre?
(a) Tolstoy was de Maistre's father-in-law.
(b) They shared similar views.
(c) They were co-conspirators.
(d) de Maistre censored Tolstoy.

9. What did Tolstoy believe was the only way to access truth and reason?
(a) Spiritual transcendence.
(b) Transcendental experience.
(c) Human experience.
(d) Historical awareness.

10. What was Pavel Annekov's role in Russian culture?
(a) Intellectual tourist.
(b) Essayist and revolutionary.
(c) Serious critic.
(d) Writer and activist.

11. Who was Mikhail Bakunin's mentor?
(a) Vissarion Belinksy.
(b) Fyodor Dostoevsky.
(c) Pavel Annenkov.
(d) Nicholas Stankevich.

12. Which figure was prominent in the founding of the Russian Intelligentsia?
(a) Ivan Turgenev.
(b) Fyodor Dostoevsky.
(c) Leo Tolstoy.
(d) Alexander Pushkin.

13. How does Berlin describe Herzen's legacy?
(a) He sees Herzen as overvalued.
(b) He sees Herzen as a momentary celebrity.
(c) He sees Herzen as underestimated.
(d) He sees Herzen as a founder of Russian literature.

14. How does Berlin describe Herzen's prose style?
(a) Meticulous.
(b) Dazzling.
(c) Leaden.
(d) Elaborate.

15. How does Berlin describe Bakunin?
(a) As a revolutionary filled with promise of his convictions.
(b) As a highly original thinker.
(c) As a shy aesthete.
(d) As a magnetic popularizer of other people's theories.

Short Answer Questions

1. How was the period that followed the Tsar's acts known?

2. What was the name of the committee in charge of government censorship?

3. What advantages did Hegel's theories have for Bakunin?

4. What value did Herzen and Bakunin share?

5. How did Herzen and Bakunin express the value they shared?

(see the answer keys)

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