2. Who were Herzen's parents?
(a) Herzen's father was a musician; his mother was an actress.
(b) Herzen's father was a painter; his mother was a writer.
(c) Herzen's father was a journalist; his mother was a homemaker.
(d) Herzen's father was a gentleman; his mother was his mistress.

3. What program did Tolstoy advocate?
(a) Tolstoy advocated a program in which individuals share the fruits of civilization with the peasants.
(b) Tolstoy advocated a program in which the peasants rule themselves without hierarchy.
(c) Tolstoy advocated a program in which aristocrats benefited from the labor of their peasants.
(d) Tolstoy advocated a program in which dissidents should be exiled to Siberia or America.

4. How did Herzen apply the philosophy of the philosopher whose work he followed?
(a) Herzen found beauty in nature, and tried to escape from a corrupt society.
(b) Herzen wasted his time on drinking and gambling as a rebellion against a rational society.
(c) Herzen concluded that no one grand theory could solve society's problems.
(d) Herzen applied theories methodically and pragmatically to social problems.

5. Who was the thinker Tolstoy agreed with most?
(a) Mazzini.
(b) Rousseau.
(c) Pestalozzi.
(d) Marcus Aurelius.

6. Where was Belinsky born?
(a) Minsk.
(b) Finland.
(c) Berlin.
(d) Moscow.

7. What was Belinsky like in a debate?
(a) Frigidly rational.
(b) Reserved.
(c) Bombastic and offensive.
(d) Furious.

8. Where did Tolstoy find the source of his philosophy?
(a) In the divine rights of government.
(b) In the divinity of the church.
(c) In the collective power of the government.
(d) In individual experience.

9. When did Tolstoy's reputation change?
(a) In the mid-1870s.
(b) In the late 1880s.
(c) In the early 1890s.
(d) In the early 1860s.

10. What did the character Bazarov represent?
(a) Destructive criticism and nihilism.
(b) The coming Russian Revolution.
(c) The traditional aristocrat.
(d) Anarchy and violence.

11. Which two thinkers influenced the Russian populists?
(a) Darwin and Marx.
(b) Locke and Rousseau.
(c) Fourier and Mill.
(d) Kant and Hume.

12. What problem obsessed Turgenev during his life?
(a) Turgenev was obsessed by the problem of industrialization in a culture of hand-laborers.
(b) Turgenev was obsessed by the problem of the landowner who cannot help his peasants without giving away his property.
(c) Turgenev was obsessed by the problem of European influence on Russian philosophy and literature.
(d) Turgenev was obsessed by the problem of the sensitive man who has no influence on the events of his day.

13. How did Tolstoy get along with the literary salons?
(a) He made them uncomfortable because he knew that real life was lived in nature.
(b) He was often at odds with critics, and he became famous for his quarrels.
(c) He fit right in with his wit and quick tongue and aphorisms.
(d) He longed for attention but was uncomfortable in the salons' scrutinizing eyes.

14. What group was Herzen part of in university?
(a) Herzen was one of Belinsky's proteges.
(b) Herzen belonged to a group of student radicals.
(c) Herzen was one of Turgenev's "superfluous men."
(d) Herzen was part of the Petrachevsky circle.

15. How did Tolstoy understand the concept of truth?
(a) Truth was rooted in contingent experience.
(b) Truth was eternal.
(c) Truth was relative.
(d) Truth was defined by the church and government.