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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In what point do Annenkov and Herzen agree about Russian Intelligentsia?
(a) They were both repelled by the shallow optimism and naivete of the intelligentsia.
(b) They were both disillusioned by the moral bankruptcy of the intelligentsia.
(c) They both experienced a profound camaraderie with the intelligentsia.
(d) They were both drawn to the romantic prospects of the movement.

2. Which of the following describes Russian censorship during the middle of the nineteenth century?
(a) Censors told writers what to write.
(b) Censors intimidated writers who wrote subversive material.
(c) Censors looked for subversive ideas.
(d) Censors persecuted the families of authors.

3. Whom did Bakunin inspire during his travels?
(a) Italian laborers.
(b) Swiss watchmakers.
(c) The French bourgeoisie.
(d) German revolutionaries.

4. What was the result of Russia's "moral quarantine"?
(a) Intense Slavophilia.
(b) A decrease in censorship.
(c) Ethnic cleansing of Tartars.
(d) A renaissance in Russian literature.

5. How did the epoch that followed the Tsar's acts in the wake of the Decembrist Rebellions end?
(a) With the Tsar's overthrow in 1850.
(b) With the German invasion of 1848.
(c) With the Tsar's death in 1855.
(d) With Tsar's conversion in 1845.

Short Answer Questions

1. What did Tolstoy believe was the only way to access truth and reason?

2. What was Hegel's appeal to Russian students?

3. What student of Stankevich's lectured on Western medieval history in Moscow?

4. Who was Mikhail Bakunin's mentor?

5. Who was exiled to Siberia because of the trial of a group of conspirators?

Short Essay Questions

1. Who was Joseph de Maistre and what ideas did Tolstoy share with him?

2. Describe the difference between Herzen and Bakunin's personalities.

3. How did the revolutions of 1848 affect western European intellectuals and Russians differently?

4. What was the effect of the "moral quarantine" of Western ideas in Russia?

5. Name some of the thinkers who influenced Herzen's thinking.

6. How did Tsar Nicholas respond to the European revolutions of 1848?

7. What was the heart of the Romantic notion that held the Russian intelligentsia in Germany's influence?

8. Which Russian intellectuals did Pavel Annenkov describe in his memoirs?

9. What was Russia's cultural situation in the 1830s and 40s?

10. How did Bakunin differ from Stankevich in his application of Hegelian ideas?

(see the answer keys)

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