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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. When did Leo Tolstoy move to Moscow?

2. Between February and April 2020, how did the unemployment rate rise?

3. When the General Social Survey was conducted in 1990, what percent of Americans believed Black Americans were lazy?

4. What percent of the GDP is the amount needed to end poverty in America?

5. At what rate were the 400 richest Americans taxed?

Short Essay Questions

1. How did rent increase from 2000 to 2021?

2. How and why did poverty rates fall during the COVID pandemic?

3. How would a mortgage have benefitted Lakia Higbee and why did she rent?

4. What were arguments about the negative effects of government support for the poor based upon?

5. How did Japan, Great Britain, Estonia, the Netherlands, and some other countries handle tax filing?

6. What did statistics show about the tax rate for all Americans?

7. What was the problem with private fortunes outpacing investments in public services?

8. What did English doctor and clergyman Joseph Townsend have to say about getting poor people to work?

9. What did Leo Tolstoy believe caused the horrible poverty he saw in Moscow?

10. Why did Desmond believe that deeper antipoverty investments were not required?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Throughout the 1950s and 1960s, nearly a third of U.S. workers belonged to unions. In the 1970s, unions began to lose their power. What were unions, and what effect did they have on poverty?

Essay Topic 2

Choices individuals made to improve their wealth or financial situation, could negatively impact the poor. What was structural immorality, and how did the advantages of the rich often come at the expense of the poor either through bigotry and selfishness or good intentions?

Essay Topic 3

The prevailing theory was that giving aid to the poor made them lazy. Why did Desmond call this the “propaganda of capitalism” (85), and was it true that giving aid to the poor made them lazy?

(see the answer keys)

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