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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. When tenements began appearing in new York City in the mid-1800s, how much higher was the rent in the slums than that of better apartments uptown?
(a) 20 percent.
(b) 25 percent.
(c) 35 percent.
(d) 30 percent.

2. At what rate were the 400 richest Americans taxed?
(a) 44%.
(b) 36%.
(c) 19%.
(d) 23%.

3. When did President Obama propose to do away with tax benefits to 529 college savings plans?
(a) 2016.
(b) 2013.
(c) 2015.
(d) 2010.

4. During June and July 2021, how many states stopped some or all of the emergency benefits provided during the COVID pandemic?
(a) 18.
(b) 15.
(c) 25.
(d) 29.

5. How much could be raised by stopping the mortgage interest deduction?
(a) $32 billion.
(b) $12 billion.
(c) $17 billion.
(d) $25 billion.

Short Answer Questions

1. When did Leo Tolstoy move to Moscow?

2. What annual income would the average payday loan customer have?

3. How much did President Reagan reduce funding for the Department of Housing and Urban Development?

4. What were some countries where the government automatically filed taxes, sent a form to citizens, citizens checked the form, and mailed it back in?

5. How much money in overdraft fees subsidizes the free checking accounts many have at Bank of America or Wells Fargo?

Short Essay Questions

1. What was a main reason why low-income Americans were not taking full advantage of government programs?

2. What did Leo Tolstoy believe caused the horrible poverty he saw in Moscow?

3. What were arguments about the negative effects of government support for the poor based upon?

4. What did statistics show about the tax rate for all Americans?

5. What challenges faced individuals who had bad credit or no credit score?

6. What were some laws that served as walls to keep out the poor?

7. In some parts of America, what did a pricey mortgage purchased?

8. Why did Desmond write that middle-class families were not carrying the poor on their backs?

9. How did rent increase from 2000 to 2021?

10. What were some ways social scientists and policymakers attempted to move low-income families to promising neighborhoods?

(see the answer keys)

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