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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. In "The Dream of Scipio," where does God exist in the universe?

2. What does Africanus encourage Scipio to focus on, in his dream?

3. What does Cicero argue the art of oratory requires?

4. According to "Laelius: On Friendship," what makes friendship possible?

5. What is the length like of "Dream of Scipio"?

Short Essay Questions

1. What is the universe made up of, according to "The Dream of Scipio"?

2. Describe the length and history of "The Dream of Scipio."

3. What does Africanus tell Scipio about his future?

4. Describe what the orator must do when giving a speech.

5. What should people look for in friend according to "Laelius: On Friendship"?

6. Compare an earth year to a cosmic year.

7. What was Laelius's attitude towards friendship?

8. Describe when the dialogue of "On the Orator" took place and the importance of the work.

9. What did Antonius believe is a requirement of a great orator?

10. When was "Laelius: On Friendship" written?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Discuss what qualities Cicero outlines a good and effective ruler needs to have. Explain how Cicero's outline is a direct response to the condition of the governmental rule of the time in which Cicero writes.

Essay Topic 2

Explain where the dialogue of Laelius: On Friendship came from and when it was written. Discuss why this information is important to Cicero personally and discuss how it effects the authenticity of the work.

Essay Topic 3

Analyze and discuss the scene where Scipio sees the cosmic universe in The Dream of Scipio. Explain what symbolism Scipio's focus of earth suggests about human connection and spirituality.

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