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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to Cicero, what can one NOT be without being intelligent?
(a) Just.
(b) Honest.
(c) Brave.
(d) Good.

2. How does the book of "On Duties" begin?
(a) With a summary of facts.
(b) With a quote.
(c) With a description of its setting.
(d) With the argument that being morally good provides knowledge to our duties.

3. Where did Cicero retire during the transition of power in the Roman republic, according to Grant's introduction?
(a) His castle.
(b) The country.
(c) The Mediterranean.
(d) Ireland.

4. What does much of Cicero's writing contain, according to Grant?
(a) Challenges to the public.
(b) Greek philosophy.
(c) Prayers.
(d) Roman philosphy.

5. What were the followers of Aristotle called?
(a) Aristotle's followers.
(b) Aristotlians.
(c) Aristocracy's.
(d) Peripatetics.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to the introduction, what type of writing style did Cicero sometimes write in?

2. Who does Grant say took over power in the Roman Republic during Cicero's writing?

3. What are external goods always at risk of, according to Cicero?

4. When did Cicero do his writing, according to the introduction?

5. What does Cicero question about virtues in "Discussions at Tusculum"?

Short Essay Questions

1. How was Cicero received by the public?

2. Describe why Cicero worried about the Roman republic.

3. What three things did Cicero argue moral goodness is comprised of?

4. How did Cicero contradict the entire first chapter "Discussions at Tusculum"?

5. Tell why Cicero didn't identify with one type of philosophical school.

6. What are the intellectual goods that bring happiness, according to "Discussions at Tusculum"?

7. How do wise rulers win their subjects, according to Cicero?

8. What will breed resentment among a ruler's subjects?

9. Describe how Cicero perceived philosophy.

10. How did Cicero feel about statesmanship?

(see the answer keys)

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