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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Who was Cicero worried about, according to the introduction?
(a) His mother's health.
(b) The Roman republic.
(c) His own health.
(d) The Greek republic.

2. Who does Cicero compare Dionysius to?
(a) Dante and Plato.
(b) Plato and Archimedes.
(c) Petrach and Archimedes.
(d) Plato and Plutarch.

3. What is essential between two nations, according to Cicero in "On Duties"?
(a) Money.
(b) Respect.
(c) Equal power.
(d) Trade.

4. According to the introduction, what was Cicero considered to be?
(a) A radical.
(b) A saint.
(c) A philospher.
(d) An individualist who believed in human rights.

5. How does the argument in "Discussions at Tusculum" begin?
(a) With a description of the river.
(b) With Cicero talking to himself.
(c) With Cicero talking to Brutus.
(d) With his friend asking Cicero a question.

Short Answer Questions

1. What must men have to resolve conflict, according to Cicero in "On Duties"?

2. What happens once virtue is acquired, according to Cicero?

3. According to the introduction, what protestant thinkers was Cicero popular among?

4. What prevented a person from being happy, according to Cicero?

5. What dictatorships does Cicero oppose in "On Duties"?

Short Essay Questions

1. Tell why Cicero didn't identify with one type of philosophical school.

2. What did the Epicureans believe happiness was?

3. What did the Stoics believe made a happy life and did their belief mean?

4. What does Discussions at Tusculum discuss?

5. What three things did Cicero argue moral goodness is comprised of?

6. How was Cicero received by the public?

7. Describe why Cicero worried about the Roman republic.

8. What type of system of government did Cicero prefer in "On Duties"?

9. Describe what Cicero said about justice and intelligence, in "On Duties."

10. How did Cicero define the 'recipe' to obtain a stable regime in "On Duties"?

(see the answer keys)

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