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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to "Discussions at Tusculum," why are evil people always miserable?

2. What does much of Cicero's writing contain, according to Grant?

3. Why is statesmanship destroyed, according to "On Duties"?

4. In what period did Cicero gain great fame?

5. What or whom does Michael Grant, the author of the introduction, introduce?

Short Essay Questions

1. When did Cicero write most of his works?

2. How did Cicero contradict the entire first chapter "Discussions at Tusculum"?

3. What did the Stoics believe made a happy life and did their belief mean?

4. Describe Cicero's philosophy.

5. What were Cicero's attitudes about human rights?

6. What will breed resentment among a ruler's subjects?

7. What does Discussions at Tusculum discuss?

8. Describe why Cicero worried about the Roman republic.

9. What style did Cicero write in and why?

10. What is the importance of stability in external goods, according to "Discussions at Tusculum"?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Explain why Laelius places such great importance on having friends to live a decent life in Laelius: On Friendship. Discuss who Laelius believes friendship can only exist between and why.

Essay Topic 2

Compare and contrast the power of the orator in battle, to the power of a weapon in battle. Explain how the orator is most effective in holding control in a battle.

Essay Topic 3

Compare and contrast the Greek's philosophy to the Stoic's philosophy on what makes a good and happy life.

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