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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does much of Cicero's writing contain, according to Grant?

2. What group was Cicero's classical background popular among?

3. According to "Discussions at Tusculum," why are evil people always miserable?

4. According to Grant, what did Cicero believe every human had to make them equal?

5. According to the introduction, what type of writing style did Cicero sometimes write in?

Short Essay Questions

1. What are the intellectual goods that bring happiness, according to "Discussions at Tusculum"?

2. What does Discussions at Tusculum discuss?

3. What did Cicero's work return to in "On Duties" and why?

4. What will breed resentment among a ruler's subjects?

5. What is the setting of "Discussions at Tusculum"?

6. Describe why Cicero worried about the Roman republic.

7. Describe what Cicero insinuated about Caesar, in "On Duties".

8. What were Cicero's attitudes about human rights?

9. What three things did Cicero argue moral goodness is comprised of?

10. What style did Cicero write in and why?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Describe what makes people become friends, according to Laelius: on Friendship. Explain what qualities Laelius believes makes a good friend.

Essay Topic 2

Analyze and discuss the scene where Scipio sees the cosmic universe in The Dream of Scipio. Explain what symbolism Scipio's focus of earth suggests about human connection and spirituality.

Essay Topic 3

Compare and contrast the Greek's philosophy to the Stoic's philosophy on what makes a good and happy life.

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