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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Grant state Cicero was excellent at doing?

2. How many virtues does Cicero argue moral goodness is comprised of?

3. When did Cicero do his writing, according to the introduction?

4. In "On Duties," what will wise rulers win from their subjects?

5. What did Cicero believe the result would be if happiness was only achieved by certain goods?

Short Essay Questions

1. Describe what Cicero insinuated about Caesar, in "On Duties".

2. What is the setting of "Discussions at Tusculum"?

3. How did Cicero contradict the entire first chapter "Discussions at Tusculum"?

4. Describe why Cicero worried about the Roman republic.

5. What were Cicero's attitudes about human rights?

6. What did the Epicureans believe happiness was?

7. What did the Greeks believe made a happy life?

8. What are the intellectual goods that bring happiness, according to "Discussions at Tusculum"?

9. What will breed resentment among a ruler's subjects?

10. How did Cicero define the 'recipe' to obtain a stable regime in "On Duties"?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Compare and contrast the differences of Crassus' and Scaevola's opinion of what they believe makes a good orator. Explain how Scaevola disproves Crassus' opinion.

Essay Topic 2

Discuss what qualities Cicero outlines a good and effective ruler needs to have. Explain how Cicero's outline is a direct response to the condition of the governmental rule of the time in which Cicero writes.

Essay Topic 3

Analyze and discuss how the theme of moral goodness and virtue recur throughout Cicero's works in "On The Good Life." Discuss how those two traits connect to each chapter.

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