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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. When did Laelius's friend die in relation to when Cicero wrote "Laelius: On Friendship"?
(a) A few years after he wrote it.
(b) A few years before he wrote it.
(c) 150 or 140 years prior.
(d) While he was writing it.

2. According to Laelius, what is friendship in accord with?
(a) Nature.
(b) Respect.
(c) Love.
(d) Religion.

3. What type of writing style is "Laelius: On Friendship" written in?
(a) Poetry.
(b) Dialogue.
(c) Prose.
(d) Journal.

4. Who does Scipio greet in his dream?
(a) His friend, Kind Basinissa.
(b) No one.
(c) His grandfather.
(d) His dad.

5. Who does Laelius argue needs friends the most?
(a) Those that are shy.
(b) Those that are weak.
(c) Those that are dependant.
(d) Those that are lonely.

6. Whom does Cicero note the art of oratory is possessed by?
(a) He alone.
(b) All rulers.
(c) He and his friend.
(d) Only a few.

7. What do the younger men ask Crassus to tell them in "On the Orator"?
(a) If they could be good orators.
(b) The nature of art.
(c) How he became a polished orator.
(d) The nature of oratory.

8. What does Laelius reject about the restrictions of friendship?
(a) That friendship has limits.
(b) That restrictions are necessary for friendship.
(c) All three theories suggested.
(d) That the connection between friends is limited by its surroundings.

9. When was Cicero's essay "Laelius: On Friendship" written?
(a) After his divorce.
(b) After Caesar's assasination.
(c) Before Caesar's assasination.
(d) After his daughter's death.

10. According to Laelius, what two things should be avoided in friendship?
(a) Hypocrisy and insult.
(b) Insult and pretense.
(c) Condemnation and pretense.
(d) Hypocrisy and pretense.

11. What is Scipio supposed to reflect in "The Dream of Scipio"?
(a) Human kind.
(b) Dictators.
(c) Man.
(d) The soul of the heavens.

12. How does Antonius feel the orator should approach speech?
(a) Confidently.
(b) Daringly.
(c) Nervously.
(d) Timidly.

13. According to "On the Orator," who thought about the skill of oratory and rhetoric?
(a) Roman Catholics.
(b) Greek leaders.
(c) Great Greek and Roman thinkers.
(d) Greek and Roman leaders.

14. Who was Laelius friends with?
(a) Cicero.
(b) Scipio Africanus.
(c) Dante.
(d) Scipio Africa.

15. Where must Scipio's soul return, according to his dream?
(a) His country.
(b) Earth.
(c) His planet.
(d) The afterlife.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to "On the Orator," what does the orator possess even in battle?

2. According to Laelius, how is friendship formed?

3. Who hosts the other men involved in the dialogue of "On the Orator"?

4. How long does friendship last in accordance with what Laelius connects friendship to?

5. What does Africanus tell Scipio about Earth?

(see the answer keys)

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