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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following is NOT a quality people should select in a friend, according to "Laelius: On Friendship"?
(a) Soundness.
(b) Reliability.
(c) Stability.
(d) Selfishness.

2. Why is friendship more potent that kinship, according to Laelius ?
(a) Friendship is natural.
(b) Kinship is unnatural.
(c) Kinship does not imply a non-physical bond.
(d) Kinship is forced.

3. According to Laelius, what two things should be avoided in friendship?
(a) Condemnation and pretense.
(b) Hypocrisy and pretense.
(c) Hypocrisy and insult.
(d) Insult and pretense.

4. Who sends Scipio into tears just by the sight of him, in "The Dream of Scipio"?
(a) Scipio's friend.
(b) Scipio's father.
(c) Scipio's family.
(d) Scipio's mother.

5. What does the dream of "The Dream of Scipio" illustrate?
(a) Authentic relationships.
(b) Mortality.
(c) Selective immortality.
(d) Magic.

6. What does Africanus argue about God, in "The Dream of Scipio"?
(a) He is virtuous.
(b) He is just.
(c) He is needed.
(d) He is eternal.

7. Where must Scipio's soul return, according to his dream?
(a) Earth.
(b) His country.
(c) His planet.
(d) The afterlife.

8. According to Laelius, what is friendship in accord with?
(a) Love.
(b) Religion.
(c) Respect.
(d) Nature.

9. Who reproaches Cicero after he leaves the country, in "Laelius: On Friendship"?
(a) Atticus.
(b) Dante.
(c) Laelius.
(d) Plutarch.

10. Who takes the dictatorial control in "Laelius: On Friendship"?
(a) Brutus.
(b) Cassius.
(c) Crassus.
(d) Marcus Antonius.

11. What does Africanus encourage Scipio to do when he returns home in his dream?
(a) To remain calm.
(b) To stay brave.
(c) To not abandon hope.
(d) To fight for his country.

12. Who hosts the other men involved in the dialogue of "On the Orator"?
(a) Crassus.
(b) Brutus.
(c) Dante.
(d) Cicero.

13. What does reciprocity suggest about friendship, according to "Laelius: On Friendship"?
(a) Frienship is not a reciprocal relationship.
(b) The relationship is based on exhange.
(c) Everything is reciprocal.
(d) Friendship is not based on exchange.

14. In "The Dream of Scipio," where does God exist in the universe?
(a) The second sphere.
(b) The largest sphere.
(c) The smallest sphere.
(d) The fourth sphere.

15. Who reveals the structure of the universe to Scipio?
(a) His grandfather.
(b) His grandmother.
(c) Cicero.
(d) The elder Scipio.

Short Answer Questions

1. How many tones does the harmony contain, in "The Dream of Scipio"?

2. What do true friends not enjoy doing, according to Laelius?

3. What deep question does Laelius struggle with?

4. What does "On The Orator "concern itself with?

5. What does oratory require beside good speech, according to "On the Orator"?

(see the answer keys)

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