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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following is NOT a quality people should select in a friend, according to "Laelius: On Friendship"?
(a) Stability.
(b) Reliability.
(c) Selfishness.
(d) Soundness.

2. What does Cicero argue the art of oratory requires?
(a) Being condifdent.
(b) Knowing its people.
(c) Speaking well and knowing its subjects.
(d) Knowing its audience.

3. Who challenges Crassus' views with historical counter-examples?
(a) Cicero.
(b) Antonius.
(c) Scaevola.
(d) Dante.

4. What is Cicero known as, according to "On the Orator"?
(a) A sufficient orator.
(b) A mediocre orator.
(c) A good oratory teacher.
(d) A great orator of history.

5. What needs to exist between friends to ensure a permanence of friendship, according to Laelius?
(a) Opposition.
(b) Commonalities.
(c) Similarity.
(d) Laughter.

6. What does Africanus argue about God, in "The Dream of Scipio"?
(a) He is needed.
(b) He is just.
(c) He is eternal.
(d) He is virtuous.

7. When was the excerpt of "The Dream of Scipio" rediscovered?
(a) The Renaissance.
(b) Post revolutionary war.
(c) The medieval period.
(d) Prior to Cicero's "On the Good Life."

8. What does Crassus argue great orators cannot restrict themselves to?
(a) The Forum.
(b) The Pantheon.
(c) Oratory.
(d) Courts.

9. What do Rufus and Cotta ask Antonius and Crassus in "On the Orator"?
(a) Who is the best orator?
(b) Will they give an oratory?
(c) Should they attempt to be orators?
(d) Could they be great orators?

10. In "The Dream of Scipio," how many spheres is the universe made up of?
(a) 7
(b) 8.
(c) 10.
(d) 9.

11. What does Africanus tell Scipio about his future, in "The Dream of Scipio"?
(a) He will win many battles.
(b) He has God in him.
(c) He has a destiny to rule.
(d) He will lose many battles.

12. What must Scipio reflect, according to "The Dream of Scipio"?
(a) His love for God.
(b) His oratory skills in other.
(c) His peaceful mind.
(d) The peace of God within him.

13. What does Cicero aim to determine in "On the Orator"?
(a) What makes a man a good orator.
(b) What kind of man the orator must be to rule the Roman Empire.
(c) Who is better at oratory than he is.
(d) What kind of man the orator must be to rule the Greek Empire.

14. What does Laelius reject about the restrictions of friendship?
(a) All three theories suggested.
(b) That the connection between friends is limited by its surroundings.
(c) That friendship has limits.
(d) That restrictions are necessary for friendship.

15. What is Scipio supposed to reflect in "The Dream of Scipio"?
(a) Man.
(b) The soul of the heavens.
(c) Human kind.
(d) Dictators.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does oratory require beside good speech, according to "On the Orator"?

2. How does Antonius feel the orator should approach speech?

3. How long does friendship last in accordance with what Laelius connects friendship to?

4. Whom does Cicero note the art of oratory is possessed by?

5. Who does Laelius argue needs friends the most?

(see the answer keys)

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