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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to this person, Julian's account is somewhat erroneous and self-serving:
(a) Priscus.
(b) Orabasius.
(c) Maximus.
(d) Callistus.

2. In the cities he visits en route to Persia, Julian attempts to get people to perform:
(a) The Olympic Torch Ceremony.
(b) The Odyssey.
(c) The rites of the deities.
(d) The plays of Euripedes and Sophecles.

3. It is foretold that Julian is fated to die in:
(a) Gaul.
(b) Damascus.
(c) Athens.
(d) Phrygia.

4. Priscus says that the omens for Julian personally are:
(a) Horrible.
(b) Inconclusive.
(c) Not encouraging.
(d) Exciting.

5. Maximus and his wife make a pact concerning:
(a) Observing Christian holidays.
(b) Open marriage.
(c) Suicide.
(d) Disciplining their children.

Short Answer Questions

1. Julian arrives in Antioch on a holiday. It is:

2. Julian's army meets up with the Persian army in Section XX, near:

3. Julian's troops enter Persia and make camp at this river:

4. Julian's general, Salutius, asks him to wait a week before pressing on with the military campaign. In a week's time, Salaius hopes that:

5. After reading Julian's journal, Priscus learns that Julian:

Short Essay Questions

1. The relationship between Julian and Eusebia is never really made clear. Describe what you know about this relationship.

2. What is Constantius' response when Julian is acclaimed Augustus by the people? What does he do? How do you think he feels?

3. Shortly after the battle of Ctesiphon, Julian is wounded in another battle when he is pierced in the side by a spear. Describe the incident and tell what the outcome is.

4. Describe Julian's lifestyle after he becomes Augustus.

5. After Constantius dies and his will is read, Julian's position as Augustus is solidified and validated. How? What is the first thing Julian does to demonstrate his power?

6. Describe the scene of the battle near Ctesiphon the next day. What does Julian do during the battle? What does he do immediately after the battle?

7. How does Julian react when the signs and messages from the deities are not what he wants to hear?

8. In his memoirs and his journal, Julian insists that his army and the people love him, that he goes to great lengths to avoid confrontation and do right by the populace, and that his ascension to power is due to the will of the people. Some of these recollections are rather self-serving. Describe some examples of these recollections.

9. What happens when Julian's army encounters the Persian army near Ctesiphon? What orders does Julian give? How does he act in front of the troops? What do you think is actually going on in his mind?

10. Describe the situation when Julian enters Persia at the start of the campaign when Julian, his generals and the troops first reach the Euphrates River.

(see the answer keys)

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