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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Julian's general, Salutius, asks him to wait a week before pressing on with the military campaign. In a week's time, Salaius hopes that:
(a) The Persians run out of food and supplies.
(b) The Persians retreat back to the Euphrates.
(c) Julian loses his enthusiasm for the campaign and agrees to return to Rome.
(d) Reinforcements arrive to augment Julian's army.

2. Julian relies on his financial adviser to advise him on how to deal with shortages caused by the famine. This adviser's name is:
(a) Jovian.
(b) Maximus.
(c) Felix.
(d) Oribasius.

3. Among the responsibilities that are weighing on Julian in Section XVII, are all of the following except:
(a) The duties associated with being emperor.
(b) The people's tendency to make him a scapegoat for every problem.
(c) His desire to effect religious conversion among the people.
(d) His obligation to produce an heir.

4. Julian claims to support religious freedom, but he clearly favors:
(a) Druidism.
(b) Worship of the Hellenic gods.
(c) Judaism.
(d) Christianity.

5. Constantius's will names this person as his successor.
(a) Callistus.
(b) Julian.
(c) Jovian.
(d) Victor.

6. As Julian lies dying in his tent, he asks about all of these except:
(a) The location of the battle.
(b) Who is winning the battle.
(c) Whether his wound is infected.
(d) How many Persians are killed.

7. After his initial confrontation with the Persians, Julian slaughters:
(a) A ram.
(b) A flock of sheep.
(c) A bull.
(d) A company of men.

8. Among the principal military commanders who accompany Julian into Persia are all of these except:
(a) Gallus.
(b) Arintheus.
(c) Jovian.
(d) Victor.

9. In Section XXIII, the Persians attack during the hiatus and the skirmish escalates, until:
(a) Julian and his personal guardsmen become involved in the fight.
(b) Victor tells the Roman troops to stop fighting and retreat.
(c) Julian's deaf-mute servant is killed.
(d) Julian orders the burning of his remaining 12 ships.

10. Priscus says that the omens for Julian personally are:
(a) Horrible.
(b) Not encouraging.
(c) Inconclusive.
(d) Exciting.

11. Julian finds the city of Nicromedia in ruins because of:
(a) A volcanic eruption.
(b) An attack by German barbarians.
(c) An earthquake.
(d) A tsunami.

12. When the senate does not ratify and obey his edict, Julian:
(a) Has three senators publicly flogged.
(b) Dismisses all the opposition senators.
(c) Filibusters until the senators grow weary and give in.
(d) Has the entire senate arrested.

13. In Section XX, in order to engage the Persians, the Roman troops have to cross:
(a) A graveyard.
(b) A deep gorge.
(c) A river.
(d) A mountain.

14. Near Maiozamalcha, Julian and a small scouting party encounter:
(a) An arsenal.
(b) A lion.
(c) A eunuch.
(d) An ambush.

15. Julian proposes burning his own ships so that:
(a) The vermin in the vessels are eliminated.
(b) The troops are not distracted by the need to protect the ships.
(c) His men are not tempted to retreat.
(d) They do not have to transport the ships overland.

Short Answer Questions

1. When Julian's friend Maximus arrives in Constantinople, the two friends discuss a plan for a military campaign against:

2. Julian and his servant , Callistus, pursue a group of retreating Persian warriors. When they return:

3. Julian's troops enter Persia and make camp at this river:

4. When Libanius is refused permission to publish the Julian manuscript, his reaction is:

5. In the year of the famine in Antioch, the leaders of Antioch:

(see the answer keys)

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