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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Julian believes that if he succeeds in taking Gaul:
(a) Constantius begins to trust him.
(b) Constantius allows him to return to Athens.
(c) Constantius retires and names him as his successor.
(d) Constantius rewards him with land and wealth.

2. After Eusebia dies, Constantius marries:
(a) Macrina.
(b) His niece.
(c) Faustina.
(d) His half sister.

3. Constantius' writes instructions to Julian, which includes all of the following except:
(a) Etiquette tips.
(b) Instructions for holding dinner parties.
(c) Recipes.
(d) Battle strategies.

4. As a child, Julian loves:
(a) Music.
(b) Riding horses.
(c) Playing war games.
(d) Learning.

5. Helena's last conversation with Julian before her death concerns:
(a) Her fear that Julian is killed.
(b) Repairs to the roof of her villa.
(c) Her grief over the deaths of her two children.
(d) Her regret that she does not produce a suitable heir.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to Julian's journal and memoirs:

2. When Constantius visits Julian and Gallus, he brings along:

3. Eusebia pays a midwife to:

4. Julian often bases his decisions on:

5. While the people of Gaul recover from the war between the Roman Empire and the Germans, Julian:

Short Essay Questions

1. After a few weeks in Athens, Julian is recalled to Italy by his cousin, Augustus Constantius. What is his reaction to being recalled? Why? Why does he think Constantius may be out to get him at this point?

2. At about the same time as Julian is defeating the Germans, Helena is giving birth to their first child, a son. Describe the birth and the circumstances surrounding the occasion. How does Julian react when he learns what transpires.

3. Julian meets Macrina and her uncle, Prohaeresius, while he is in Athens. What role do these two individuals play in Julian's life?

4. Julian says he longs to be an ordinary student. Name and describe the roles of at least three people who encourage his scholarly ambition.

5. Julian states that his 47 days in Athens are the happiest days of his life. Why is Julian happy during his stay in Athens?

6. The seeds of Julian's religious conflict are also sown in chapter two. What memories indicate that Julian experiences doubts, questions and great interest in things metaphysical as a youngster?

7. Why is it appropriate that Libanius and Priscus discuss things like their health and families as well as their memories of Julian and opinions about the current rulers of the land in the first chapter of this book?

8. Julian often claims that he dislikes the ritual, etiquette and intrigue of the royal court, that he does not seek to acquire rank or power, and that he longs only to become a scholar. Do you think this is true? Give evidence for your answer/

9. Julian's first meeting with Constantius gives him a taste of the power and might of royalty. How does he react to this taste of power?

10. Describe Julian's initiation into the mysteries of Eleusis. Who initiates him and what are some of the initiation rites?

(see the answer keys)

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