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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. After the people proclaim Julian as Augustus, Julian learns that Constantius:
(a) Is preparing for a military action against Julian.
(b) Is gravely ill and ready to turn over his crown.
(c) Imprisons Eusebia.
(d) Is planning to poison him.

2. Julian learns that Constantius is planning to march against him:
(a) Through a spy.
(b) By intercepting a letter.
(c) By torturing a steward.
(d) From Eusebia.

3. After a dream, Julian believes that he is protected by:
(a) Bodyguards.
(b) Angels.
(c) The estate manager.
(d) The sun god.

4. Constantius' writes instructions to Julian, which includes all of the following except:
(a) Instructions for holding dinner parties.
(b) Recipes.
(c) Battle strategies.
(d) Etiquette tips.

5. As a child of Mithra, Julian believes in:
(a) The Way of Tao.
(b) The devil.
(c) The Hellenistic gods.
(d) Vegetarianism.

Short Answer Questions

1. As a youngster, Gallus is best described as:

2. In planning his battle strategy, Julian often depends on:

3. What aspect of Gallus' character is revealed by his treatment of Hilarius?

4. Hilarius is:

5. Julian recalls his father as:

Short Essay Questions

1. What happens to Julian when he returns to Rome? What do you think drives Constantius to do what he does to Julian?

2. Describe Julian's relationship with his father. How does he know his father loves him?

3. After a few weeks in Athens, Julian is recalled to Italy by his cousin, Augustus Constantius. What is his reaction to being recalled? Why? Why does he think Constantius may be out to get him at this point?

4. Julian often claims that he dislikes the ritual, etiquette and intrigue of the royal court, that he does not seek to acquire rank or power, and that he longs only to become a scholar. Do you think this is true? Give evidence for your answer/

5. Gallus and Julian have an affair with the same woman, a servant in their household, at the same time. What do you think this says about the two boys?

6. In Chapter V, Gallus is named Caesar and marries Constantius's sister, Constantia. Do you think this is a coincidence? How do you explain these two almost simultaneous occurrences?

7. Julian is gaining confidence and developing skill as a military leader. Cite evidence or his military skills and success at about this time (356-358).

8. What do the letters of Priscus and Libanius reveal about the culture and customs that exist in Rome at the time of their correspondence?

9. What do Basil and Gregory represent to Julian?

10. Who is Sosipatra and what effect does she have on Julian's life?

(see the answer keys)

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