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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Where did the 2012 outbreak of MERS seem to originate?

2. What chemical that used to be commonly used to kill mosquitoes became a public health and environmental concern as the years went on?

3. What possibility about Ebola was Osterholm criticized for bringing up in a 2014 op-ed in the New York Times?

4. What drug did some of the birth defects caused by the Zika virus remind some health care professionals of that had also caused birth defects?

5. Where does Dr. Sean Wasserman worry there might be another yellow fever outbreak in the near future?

Short Essay Questions

1. In Chapter 16, who was one of the first doctors to discover the power of antibiotics and how did he make this discovery?

2. What was the most serious complication of the Zika virus that merged in the Americas in 2015?

3. Which bacteria does Osterholm cite as killing more people in America each year than the AIDS virus, and where do most of them pick up the infection?

4. Why did so many young, healthy people die in the 1918 flu epidemic?

5. What does Osterholm write that Zika is the first example of in his career in public health?

6. Why does Osterholm think many doctors prescribe antibiotics even when they think they will do the patient no good?

7. In Chapter 13, what was one of the missteps Osterholm criticizes China for in the early days of the SARS outbreak?

8. In Chapter 12, what is one of the theories about how the 2014 Ebola outbreak in West Africa began?

9. What is one of Osterholm's fears about how a virus like Ebola could possibly mutate to become worse?

10. In Chapter 12, why does Osterholm think President Obama's choice of Ron Klain to head his Ebola task force in 2014 was inspired?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

What is a threat matrix, and how does it work? What is the purpose of a threat matrix in public health? Write an essay explaining your answers.

Essay Topic 2

In Chapter 20, what are some of the characteristics of our current influenza vaccines that Osterholm argues are "unique, and not in a good way?" (286). How does Osterholm believe our influenza vaccines could and should be improved? Write an essay explaining your answers.

Essay Topic 3

What does Osterholm mean when he uses the term "Black Swan" in epidemiology? What kinds of public health outbreaks in his career qualify as so-called "Black Swans?" Write an essay explaining your answers, citing specific references to the text to help support your answers.

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