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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In Chapter 5, where does Osterholm point out there are the most microbes in the human body?
(a) The ear.
(b) The gut microbiome.
(c) The heart.
(d) The thigh muscle.

2. How are vector-borne diseases spread?
(a) By humans.
(b) Through the water.
(c) By mosquitoes, ticks and flies.
(d) By blood.

3. On whose program did the creator of the polio vaccine announce that he was not patenting the vaccine in 1955?
(a) James Jeffrie's.
(b) Barbara Walter's.
(c) Walter Winchell's.
(d) Edward R. Murrow's.

4. What was the average life-expectancy in the United States in the year 1900?
(a) 70 years.
(b) 62 years.
(c) 48 years.
(d) 60 years.

5. Who was the director of the NIH, as mentioned by Osterholm in Chapter 10?
(a) Dr. Francis Collins.
(b) Dr. Lucille Barnes.
(c) Dr. Marsha Hemsworth.
(d) Dr. Jennifer Jones.

6. What is one of the problems with the vaccine industry, according to Osterholm?
(a) It is difficult for companies to predict the need for a particular vaccine.
(b) Some vaccines become contaminated easily, so there is a lot of waste.
(c) Companies can not usually make money on vaccines.
(d) More people do not want to take vaccines, so it is less profitable to make them.

7. In Chapter 6, Osterholm emphasizes that anthrax is not which of the following kinds of diseases?
(a) Communicable.
(b) Hemorrhagic.
(c) Amorphous.
(d) Stable.

8. Which part of Africa did the Ebola outbreak occur in in 2014?
(a) West.
(b) South.
(c) East.
(d) North.

9. Which family member of Osterholm's contracted the HIV virus through a blood transfusion in the 1980s?
(a) His Uncle Roman.
(b) His mother, Ellen.
(c) His Aunt Romana.
(d) His brother Mithchell.

10. What is the serious condition that the Zika virus sometimes causes in babies?
(a) Paralysis.
(b) Epilepsy.
(c) Microcephaly.
(d) Blindness.

11. Who was the George W. Bush-era Health and Human Services Secretary Osterholm has worked closely with?
(a) Kristen Henderson.
(b) Michael Henry.
(c) Maria Solnar.
(d) Tommy Thompson.

12. What are the unchanging features of a virus called?
(a) Static.
(b) Stable.
(c) Conserved.
(d) Stalked.

13. In what year was there a measles outbreak in Minnesota?
(a) 1991.
(b) 1985.
(c) 2000.
(d) 1998.

14. What was the Supreme Court Ruling in the 1905 Jacobson v. Massachusetts case?
(a) Only children with religious exemptions could be allowed not to have the smallpox vaccine.
(b) All people who wanted to travel abroad had to have the smallpox vaccine first.
(c) The benefit of the smallpox vaccine to public health outweighed an individual's right to refuse the vaccine.
(d) All children who wanted to attend public school had to have the smallpox vaccine.

15. What prevents some people from finishing their doses of malaria medication?
(a) It has to be taken for three days.
(b) It has to be taken for one week.
(c) It has to be taken for two weeks.
(d) It has to be taken for one month.

Short Answer Questions

1. What syndrome did Osterholm do extensive work on in the early 1980s?

2. In 2001, what was the name of the senate building that was shut down for months due to an anthrax contamination?

3. What was the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) known informally as when Osterholm was in medical school?

4. What process for killing bacteria is Louis Pasteur famous for discovering?

5. What kind of graph do epidemiologists use to try to figure out what threats they should be worrying about in public health?

(see the answer keys)

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