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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is one of the problems with the vaccine industry, according to Osterholm?
(a) Some vaccines become contaminated easily, so there is a lot of waste.
(b) Companies can not usually make money on vaccines.
(c) More people do not want to take vaccines, so it is less profitable to make them.
(d) It is difficult for companies to predict the need for a particular vaccine.

2. What does Osterholm identify as the first pathogen of pandemic potential in Chapter 4?
(a) Penicillin.
(b) Influenza.
(c) Coronavirus.
(d) Marburg.

3. Who announced in the early 1980s that an AIDS vaccine would be ready within two years?
(a) Secretary of State Robards Jasper.
(b) Secretary of Health Alexander Williams.
(c) Secretary of State Casper Williams.
(d) Secretary of Health Margaret Heckler.

4. What is the serious condition that the Zika virus sometimes causes in babies?
(a) Epilepsy.
(b) Paralysis.
(c) Blindness.
(d) Microcephaly.

5. Which organization helped to fund the development of the polio vaccine?
(a) The March of Dimes.
(b) The St. Joseph's Fund.
(c) The Clean Air Fund.
(d) The Children's Hospital Fund.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who was the head of the first meeting Osterholm attended about the HIV/AIDS epidemic, before doctors knew what they were dealing with?

2. Who created the polio vaccine?

3. What kind of graph do epidemiologists use to try to figure out what threats they should be worrying about in public health?

4. In 2001, what was the name of the senate building that was shut down for months due to an anthrax contamination?

5. What does the One Health movement strive to do?

Short Essay Questions

1. What is one of the reasons human are at a disadvantage to microbes?

2. How was Osterholm personally affected by the AIDS epidemic?

3. In Chapter 4, what does Osterholm reveal as what he thinks is the probable cause of the world's next pandemic?

4. What is one of the main reasons Osterholm says it is quicker to produce drugs than vaccines?

5. What common product did Osterholm and his colleagues eventually trace the development of toxic shock syndrome to?

6. What did Osterholm try to emphasize for helping stop the spread of AIDS in the mid-1980s, as separate from vaccines?

7. Why was Dr. Jonas Salk such a hero to so many parents in the 1950s?

8. In the Introduction, what are the two metaphors for disease that Osterholm sets out for use throughout the book?

9. Why was John Snow's work so important in the 1800s?

10. What does Osterholm view as the scariest means of transmission for microbes, and why?

(see the answer keys)

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