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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who conjectured that cod was named after a husk of seeds because the female holds so many eggs?

2. 16th century salt was produced by _____.

3. What did the Pilgrims fail to bring to North America that would aid in their survival?

4. John Cabot claimed what land for England?

5. Where were most explorers trying to get to in the 16th century?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why is cod considered a fish that is easy to catch?

2. What happened when New Englanders become entrepreneurs? How did this conflict with the intent of the British Crown?

3. How did the Basques become known for preserving cod?

4. How did the Vikings survive the desolate landscapes of Greenland and Stoneland?

5. Why did Bartholomew Gosnold return to Britain from his voyage in 1602?

6. Describe the Georges Bank and why this was a good fishing area for cod.

7. Why were Thorwald and Erik the Red thrown out of Norway and what do they do after that?

8. What happened in Grindavík, Iceland in 1532?

9. Why did the Royal Fishery accountant, John Collins, publish a book on salt in 1682?

10. How did John Cabot and his brother die?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Describe Britain's involvement in the history of cod fishing. How did their fishing grounds change? Why? With whom did they trade for salt in the 16th century? Why?

Essay Topic 2

Describe how quotas are used to try to restore cod numbers. What aspect of the quota system is so wasteful as to make the process less effective than it was set out to be?

Essay Topic 3

What were the beliefs of Thomas Henry Huxley? His beliefs were an extension of whose theories on nature? What affect did his beliefs have on the cod fishing industry?

(see the answer keys)

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