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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is the name of the long tube of air bladder in a cod that fills and adjusts swimming depth?

2. Who outlawed the Basque language?

3. In 1598, with whom were the Catholics at war?

4. What was the Northern European product called when winter fish is dried without salting?

5. John Cabot claimed what land for England?

Short Essay Questions

1. What happened in Grindavík, Iceland in 1532?

2. Why did the Royal Fishery accountant, John Collins, publish a book on salt in 1682?

3. Why is cod considered a fish that is easy to catch?

4. How did the Vikings survive the desolate landscapes of Greenland and Stoneland?

5. How did Britain show flexibility in its colonialism with North America?

6. How did the Pilgrims finally become good at farming?

7. Why was the French salt tax particularly hated and what war did it become a grievance for?

8. What happened when New Englanders become entrepreneurs? How did this conflict with the intent of the British Crown?

9. How did John Cabot and his brother die?

10. Why do cod spawn so many eggs?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Describe Boston's three-pointed trade situation in the development of the cod industry in New England. Which countries were involved? What products were traded? What system governed trade in New England? How did this help foster New England's economic growth?

Essay Topic 2

Describe the eating habits of cod. At what depth do they swim? How does this affect their feeding and how they are caught?

Essay Topic 3

How has life in Iceland changed from the 14th century to present day? What role has cod fishing played in Iceland's heritage? Who has occupied Iceland at different times?

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